摘要
2020年,国家新版《中央定价目录》将地下储气库购销气价格放开由市场定价,在推动天然气产供储销分离的背景下地下储气库也开始推行独立运营,加快构建地下储气库储转费价格机制势在必行。基于此,在研究建立我国储气库储转费计算方法必要性的基础上,对当前可用于计算储转费的几种方法进行对比分析和选择。研究结果表明:①地下储气库是调节天然气供需和优化管网运行的重要手段,储转费未单独定价,会造成储气库的经济价值不能直观反映,不利于分析盈利能力,影响储气库项目投资建设的积极性,国家出台相关办法要求储气设施费由市场或双方协商定价,但因天然气体制改革滞后,至今未能全面落地实施;②经比对分析,选定净现值法、附加垫底气核算方式,确定储气库投资及成本构成,在此基础上提出净现值法储转费计算模型,用于融资前和融资后的储转费计算;③可优先通过提高工作气量,实现储气库盈利能力最大化,在实际工作气量未达到盈亏平衡工作气量时,可通过改进技术和管理水平逐步改善注采气量,以实现储气库项目经济效益提升。
According to the new version of Central Pricing Catalog,the gas purchase and sales price in underground gas storages(UGSs)has been liberalized to set by the market since 2020.Under the background of promoting the separation of gas production,supply,storage,and sales,UGSs begin to operate independently,so it is imperative to speed up constructing a price mechanism of storage and transportation fee.Therefore,several methods for calculating this fee were comparatively analyzed and selected after their necessity was studied.Results show that(1)UGSs are one important means to adjust gas supply and demand and optimize pipeline operation.The storage and transportation fee isn't priced independently,which may prevent the direct reflection of UGSs'economic value and isn't beneficial to analyze the profit ability,and impacts the initiative to invest and construct some UGS projects.In 2016,the nation issued many related guidelines,according to which,gas-storage facility fee shall be priced by the market or by both parties through negotiation,but the reform of gas system was lagged,so it hasn't been fully implemented;(2)according to the method for calculating the UGSs'cushion gas volume and the composition of investment and operation cost,it is eventually determined to take these UGSs rebuilt from oil and gas reservoirs as the base to build up the model to calculate the storage and transportation fee and to carry out a sensitivity analysis;and(3)the net present value(NPV)method can be used to calculate the storage and transportation fee for these rebuilt UGSs.By optimizing certain operation to increase the working gas volume,the fee can be reduced the most efficiently and the UGSs'benefits can be maximized.All results may provide the reference for calculating the UGSs'investment return price and are of guiding significance to improve the market-oriented pricing mechanism in the future.
作者
祝青宇
冯垄
Zhu Qingyu;Feng Long(Sinopec Yu-Ji Pipeline Company,Jinan,Shandong 250000,China;Natural Gas Treatment Plant,Sinopec Zhongyuan Oilfield Company,Puyang,Henan 457000,China)
出处
《天然气技术与经济》
2020年第3期74-78,共5页
Natural Gas Technology and Economy
关键词
油气藏型地下储气库
储转费
净现值
敏感性分析
盈亏平衡分析
UGS rebuilt from oil and gas reservoir
Storage and transportation fee
Net present value
Sensitivity analysis
Breakeven analysis
