摘要
目的分析绍兴市柯桥区2008-2017年手足口病流行特征,为手足口病预警预测以及精准防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对其流行特征、病原学监测结果以及重复感染情况进行统计描述,使用χ^2检验进行统计分析。结果绍兴市柯桥区2008-2017年共报告手足口病19 754例,年平均发病率为206.35/10万;报告重症10例,死亡4例。时间分布呈双峰特点,4-7月为高峰,10-12月为次高峰;各镇街均有发病,柯桥街道、钱清镇、华舍街道、柯岩街道和杨汛桥镇报告病例数最多,占柯桥区总数的62.47%(12 340/19 754);病例以≤5岁的散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,占92.62%(18 295/19 754)。不同年份病原体构成差异有统计学意义(χ^2=186.953,P<0.05)。10年间重复感染2次以上者1 223人,重复感染率6.61%(1 223/18 514);不同性别、抚养状况、年龄组的重复感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^2性别=9.193,P<0.05;χ^2抚养状况=85.804,P<0.05;χ^2年龄组=100.512,P<0.05);EV71型和其他肠道病毒重复感染率高于Cox A16型,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.234,P<0.05)。结论绍兴市柯桥区手足口病有周期性上升趋势,呈明显的季节性和人群分布特点,散居和幼托儿童是柯桥区的高发人群,初次发病年龄越小重复感染概率越高,应采取更有针对性措施予以防控。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Keqiao County in Shaoxing,provide evidence for the local control and early warning of HFMD.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods was used to describe the epidemiological characteristics,etiological surveillance results and repeated infections.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 19 754 hand foot and mouth cases,including 10 severe cases and 4 deaths were reported during 2008 and 2017.The mean annual incidence was 206.35/100 000.The incidence peak of HFMD was during April and July and the sub peak occurred during October and December.The cases were reported in all the communities,and most cases(62.47%)(12 340/19 754) were reported in Keqiao,Qianqing,Huashe,Keyan,and Yangxunqiao communities.About 92.62%(18 295/19 754) of cases occurred in children aged ≤5 years.The difference of pathogen composition in different years was statistically significant.There were 1 223 repeated infections cases among ten years,and the incidence of repeated infections was 6.61%(1 223/18 514).The difference of the incidence of repeated infections among different sex groups,raising state groups,age groups were significant,respectively(χ^2性别=9.193,P<0.05;χ^2抚养状况=85.804,P<0.05;χ^2年龄组 =100.512,P<0.05).The repeated infection rate by EV71 or other enteroviruses was higher than by Cox A16(χ^2=6.234,P<0.05).Conclusion The annual fluctuant increasing trend of HFMD is found in Keqiao,and the seasonality and population distribution of HFMD are obvious.Children outside child care settings or preschool aged children are the major high risk population.The younger the initial infection,the higher the probability of repeat infection.It is necessary to take targeted prevention and control measures.
作者
任胜芳
朱敏
于伟
裘锋平
马岩
REN Sheng-fang;ZHU Min;YU Wei;QIU Feng-ping;MA Yan(Keqiao County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312030,China;Shaoxing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2020年第2期285-288,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
手足口病
流行特征
病原
重复感染
hand
foot and mouth disease
epidemiological characteristic
pathogen
reinfection
