摘要
许衡自1242年接触理学开始,在大名、苏门、京兆、怀孟等地教学中,推崇朱熹《小学》及其集注《四书》,重视小学阶段教育,形成其小学教育思想,并在地方社会传承扩散开来。1271年他出任国子祭酒,将该思想推行于国子学,《小学》《四书》由此成为元朝官方教材,程朱理学教学内容进入国家最高学府的课堂,并影响到地方官学和私学,对有元一代教育有着深远影响。他在教学中自编适合儿童背诵的歌谣教材,使用通俗易懂的白话口语讲解经书,采用伴读制、躬行践履等教学方法,在今天仍有借鉴意义。
Xu Heng has been in contact with Neo-Confucianism since 1242.While teaching in Daming,Sumen,Jingzhao,Huaimeng and other places,he praised highly Zhu Xi’s Xiao Xue and The Four Books,attached importance to primary school education,formed his thought on primary school education,and spread it in local society.In the eighth year of the Yuan Dynasty(1271),he became the head of the Imperial Academy,and promoted his thought in the Imperial Academy,and thus Xiao Xue and The Four Books became the official teaching materials of the Yuan Dynasty.The teaching contents of Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Zhu entered the classrooms of the highest institution of learning of the state,as well as the local government schools and private schools,and had a far-reaching impact on the education of the Yuan Dynasty.In his teaching,he compiled his own textbooks suitable for children to recite rhymes and songs,explained the scriptures in colloquial style,and adopted the teaching methods such as the system of companion study and highlighting practice,which is still of reference value today.
作者
蔡春娟
CAI Chunjuan(Institute of Ancient History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第4期98-107,共10页
Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国童蒙文化史研究”(16ZDA121)。
关键词
许衡
国子学
小学教育思想
白话口语体
Xu Heng
the Imperial Academy
thought on primary school education
colloquial style
