摘要
【目的】气候变暖带来的环境问题越来越突出,含碳气体排放量增加是温室效应的主要原因,而森林火灾排放含碳气体仅次于化石燃料燃烧,是全球变暖的重要因素,为了实现定量探究森林火灾对气候变暖的影响,需要准确估算森林火灾含碳气体的排放量。【方法】以大兴安岭6种主要乔木的枝和叶为研究对象,通过室内燃烧试验的方法,利用Testo350烟气分析仪测定其在燃烧过程中含碳气体的排放量,分析不同可燃物排放气体差异性,并计算可燃物的排放因子和修正燃烧效率。【结果】1)燃烧过程中6种乔木枝、叶燃烧含碳气体(CO、CO2、CxHy)排放量的平均值枝为2 406.18、18 486、184.88 mg·dm-3;叶为2 297.43、20 548.6、166.27 mg·dm-3;2)6种乔木枝的CO2气体排放量差异不显著,樟子松叶的CO2排放量显著低于其余5种乔木,剩余5种乔木差异不显著。6种乔木枝和叶的CO、CxHy排放量差异显著;3)6种乔木枝、叶含碳气体的排放因子(EFi)范围分别为CO(118.97~195.00)、CO2(1 290.12~1 672.50)、CxHy(8.10~17.32)g·kg-1;4)叶的修正燃烧效率(MCE):针叶乔木<阔叶乔木;同种针叶乔木的修正燃烧效率(MCE):枝>叶,而同种阔叶乔木的修正燃烧效率(MCE):枝<叶。【结论】根据气体排放量计算了不同气体的排放因子,利用排放因子可对大兴安岭森林火灾排放的含炭气体进行估算;修正燃烧效率结果能定量反映出本文在实验条件下可燃物都达到了明然状态,修正燃烧效率越低产生的不完全燃烧产物就越多;修正燃烧效率结果说明了针叶乔木叶相对于阔叶乔木叶燃烧不充分,针叶乔木叶燃烧产生的CO量多;研究结果将对估计大兴安岭森林火灾含碳气体排放总量和其对环境的影响提供一定的理论依据。
【Objective】The environmental problems caused by climate warming are becoming more and more prominent.The increase of carbon-containing gas emissions is the main cause of the greenhouse effect.The carbon-burning gas emitted by forest fires is second only to the burning of fossil fuels.It is an important factor in global warming.To quantitatively explore the impact of forest fires on climate warming,it is necessary to accurately estimate the emissions of carbon-containing gases from forest fires.【Method】Taking the branches and leaves of six main trees in Daxing’anling as the research object,the emission of carbon-containing gas in the combustion process was measured by the indoor combustion test method using Testo350 flue gas analyzer,and the difference of exhaust gas of different combustibles was analyzed.Calculate emission factors for combustibles and correct combustion efficiency.【Result】1)The release of gas during combustion is dominated by CO and CO2,and the release of CxHy is small.The average value of carbonaceous gas(CO,CO2,CxHy)emissions from six tree branches and leaves is 2406.18,18486,184.88 mg·dm-3;2297.43,20548.6,166.27 mg·dm-3;2)The difference of CO2 emission between the six arbor branches was not significant.The CO2 emission of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica was significantly lower than that of the other five arbor,and the difference of the remaining five arbor was not significant.Significant differences in CO and CxHy emissions from 6 tree branches and leaves 3)The emission factors(EFi)of 6 kinds of tree branches and leaves were CO(118.97-195.00)CO2(1290.12-1672.50)CxHy(8.10-17.32)g·kg-1;(4)Corrected combustion efficiency(MCE)of leaves:coniferous trees<broad-leaved trees;modified combustion efficiency(MCE)of the same coniferous trees:branches>leaves,and modified burning efficiency(MCE)of the same broad-leaved trees:branches<leaves;【Conclusion】The emission factors of different gases are calculated according to the gas emission.The emission factors can be used to estimate the car
作者
李春阳
张运林
郭妍
胡海清
LI Chunyang;ZHANG Yunlin;GUO Yan;HU Haiqing(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期81-88,共8页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
林业公益行业专项(201404402)。
关键词
大兴安岭
烟气释放
排放因子
修正燃烧效率
Daxing’anling
gas release
emission factor
modified combustion efficiency
