摘要
高锰钢辙叉与碳钢钢轨的高质量焊接是铁路全线无缝的技术关键。闪光焊接工艺对辙叉焊接质量有重要影响,本文利用DEFORM有限元模拟软件对高锰钢辙叉与碳钢钢轨添加中间焊接材料的闪光焊接过程进行模拟,观察焊接工艺中保压阶段时间与焊接材料长度对钢轨钢一侧温度的影响,并根据实际焊接条件下的温度变化对模拟结果进行验证。研究结果显示,当焊接材料长度为25 mm时,若保压时间为10 s,钢轨钢一侧最高温度达732℃,超过了钢轨钢的Ac1温度点,容易导致钢轨钢一侧冷却过程中产生马氏体;而当保压时间为3 s时,钢轨钢一侧的最高温度为668℃,与实际焊接结果较为接近,满足钢轨钢温升不超过Ac1温度点的要求。从改变焊接材料长度的模拟结果看,保压时间为3 s时,当焊接材料总长度超过25 mm,整个焊接过程钢轨钢温升都不会超过Ac1温度点。
High-quality welding of high-manganese steel frogs and carbon steel rails is the key point of seamless rails.The welding quality of frogs was greatly affected by welding process.In this paper,a finite element simulation software,DEFORM,was used to simulate the flash butt welding of high-manganese steel frogs and carbon steel rails with intermediate welding materials.The influences of pressure-holding time and welding material length on the temperature of the rail steel in the welding process were studied.The simulation results were verified according to the temperature changes under actual welding conditions.We found that,when the length of the welding material was 25 mm and the holding time was 10 s,the maximum temperature on the side of rails reached 732℃.This temperature exceeded the Ac1 temperature of the rail steel,and could easily lead to the generation of martensite during the subsequent cooling process.When the holding time was reduced to 3 s,the maximum temperature on the side of the rail steel was 668℃.The parameters are close to the actual test conditions and,thus meet the requirement of being lower than Ac1 temperature.Therefore,the validity of the designed welding materials for the applications is explained theoretically.
作者
孙永海
王琳
陈晨
张福成
丁志敏
王振伟
SUN Yonghai;WANG Lin;CHEN Chen;ZHANG Fucheng;DING Zhimin;WANG zhenwei(School of Material Science and Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China;State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China;National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian,Liaoning 116028,China;China Railway Shanhaiguan Bridge Group Co.Ltd.,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066000,China)
出处
《燕山大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第3期254-266,共13页
Journal of Yanshan University
基金
河北省重点研发计划项目(19211018D)
燕山大学博士基金资助项目(BL19007)。
关键词
高锰钢辙叉
钢轨钢
焊接材料
闪光焊接
有限元模拟
high-manganese steel frog
rail steel
welding material
flash butt welding
finite element simulation
