摘要
人工智能技术应用于垃圾分类领域能够减少人力成本,提升垃圾分类的效率。在生活垃圾强制分类逐步推广的背景下,服务于垃圾分类的人工智能产品大量涌现,这类产品大多基于计算机视觉技术,产品类型主要以智能识别软件、智能垃圾桶(箱)、智能分拣机器人为主,系统解决方案较少。相关企业大多通过销售智能产品和设备、可回收垃圾交易,以及政府补贴等获取收益。从垃圾分类领域人工智能应用的现状看,目前在垃圾分类中仍存在收集环节的技术局限性较大、垃圾处理环节的研发投入相对较少、垃圾清运环节的应用起步较晚、运营模式和回报机制尚不成熟等问题。现阶段垃圾分类领域的人工智能已经呈现出全流程整合、平台化管理、技术解决方案多元化等趋势,下一阶段服务型机器人将逐渐取代智能设备,信息服务将成为企业的重要收入来源。在这样的趋势下,我国应当通过加大关键技术研发的支持力度、加快制定技术规范和行业标准、加强信息安全和个人隐私保护、依托智能设备推进生产者责任延伸等举措,引导和规范垃圾分类领域的人工智能发展,进一步推动垃圾分类的智能化和信息化。
The Artificial intelligence technology can reduce the labor cost of waste classification and improve the efficiency of waste classification.The artificial intelligence products used for waste classification are mostly based on computer vision technology.Most companies make profits by selling products,recyclable waste,and government subsidies.There are still many problems,such as large technical limitations,unreasonable R&D investment allocation,and immature business models.It is necessary to regulate the development of artificial intelligence in the field of waste classification through measures such as increasing support for key technology,accelerating the development of industry standards,strengthening the personal privacy protection,and promoting the extension of producer responsibility by relying on smart devices.
作者
周冯琦
张文博
ZHOU Feng-qi;ZHANG Wen-bo(Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020)
出处
《新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期135-144,共10页
Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“长三角一体化背景下环境污染协同治理的经济激励型政策工具研究”(2019EGL002)的阶段性成果。
关键词
人工智能
垃圾分类
机器视觉
环境治理
Artificial Intelligence
Waste Classification
Machine Vision
Environmental Governance
