摘要
民初舆论对军阀现象成因的追问和探讨,一是从军阀自身的角度,有军阀历史裂变说、军阀私心私欲说,以及军阀间相互利用与平衡消长而致衍生说;二是从人民的角度.有人民未尽主人之责说、未养成自治能力说和受专制压迫太久无能力立即做主人说;三是从革命不彻底的角度,有清遗留专制官僚武人继续掌权说、辛亥革命早熟说、未集中革命力量予以消灭说;四是从特定国内外环境的角度,有内外多重经济因素交逼形成说、国内外政治经济因素交互导致说和国际帝国主义栽培维持说等。社会舆论之所以纷纷探讨军阀“成因”,是因为军阀乱象表明国家和社会出了大问题。只有知道军阀的“病因”才能“药到病除”,才能真正把军阀打倒。这是“五四”到国民大革命时期“反军阀”思想讨论至关重要的一环。
There were four main kinds of questions and discussions about the causes of warlords from public opinion in the early Republic of China. The first one discussed the causes of warlords from the perspective of warlords themselves, involving the theory of history of warlord fission, the theory of warlord selfishness and lust, and the theory of the derivation caused bywarlords inter-availability and their ebb and flow. The second one explored the causes of warlords from the perspective of the public, which was to say that the public have not done their masters’ duty, have not developed the ability to govern themselves, and have been subjected to autocratic oppression for too long without the ability to be masters immediately. The third one probed the causes of warlords from the perspective of the incomplete revolution, such as the theory that the autocratic bureaucrats and warriors left by the Qing dynasty continued to hold power, the theory that the Revolution of 1911 was precocious, and the theory that the revolutionary forces were not concentrated to eliminate them. The fourth one discussed the causes of warlords from the perspective of specific domestic and foreign environments, including the theory that warlords were caused by the multiple internal and external economic factors, the theory that warlords were caused by the interaction of domestic and foreign political and economic factors, and the theory that warlords were caused by the cultivation and maintenance of international imperialism.
出处
《社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期147-155,共9页
Journal of Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“中国近代省制研究”(项目编号:19AZS011)的阶段性成果。
关键词
“五四”前后
社会舆论
军阀成因
Around the May 4th Movement
Public Opinion
the Causes of Warlords
