摘要
以大兴安岭地区蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)为主的阔叶混交林、兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)天然次生林为研究对象,以角尺度、大小比数、混交度、密集度4个空间结构参数为指标,量化分析两种林型的林分结构状况;用不同树种的四元分布图,对不同天然次生林的树种组成及林分空间结构信息进行了综合评价及描述;分析大兴安岭两种主要天然次生林林分空间结构特征、不同树种的空间结构关系。结果表明:两种林型林分基本结构特征有显著差异,蒙古栎和桦树为主的针阔混交林的平均胸径、树高比落叶松天然次生林小,但郁闭度及树种多样性较高,二者林木分布格局差异不显著。一元分布表明,大兴安岭地区次生林林分空间结构50%以上林木呈随机分布,树冠较为密集,林分整体中庸,但不同林型混交方面有差异。四元分布表明,蒙古栎和桦树为主的针阔混交林中,最常见林木空间结构单元为周围很密集地随机分布有其他4种树种的优势木;落叶松天然次生林林分中,最常见林木空间结构单元是随机分布且零度混交下很密集分布的亚优势木;白桦、落叶松作为两个研究对象都具有的树种,在不同的林型中二者的空间结构单元差别大。因此,促进林区可持续经营,应针对不同林分类型制定相应的补植改造、抚育间伐调整措施,科学管理,使得林分结构更加合理。
In order to study the stand spatial structure characteristics of two main natural secondary forests in Daxing’an Mountains and clarify the spatial structure relationship of different tree species,the natural secondary Quercus mongolica secondary forests(Ⅰ)and Larix gmelinii natural secondary forests(Ⅱ)were taken as the research objects,and the four spatial structural parameters of uniform angle index,mingling degree,neighborhood comparison and crowding degree were used as indicators.We quantitatively analyzed the stand structure status of the two forest types.With the quadrivariate distribution map of different tree species,we comprehensively evaluated and described the tree species composition and stand spatial structure information of different natural secondary forests.The results showed that there were significant differences in the basic structural characteristics of the two forest types.The average DBH and tree height of the natural secondary forest of Q.mongolica were smaller than those of the natural secondary forest of L.gmelinii,but the canopy density and tree species diversity were higher.The differences in the distribution pattern of forest trees were not significant;the univariate distribution indicated that the spatial structure of secondary forests in the Daxing’an Mountains region was mostly in a random distribution(≥50%),the canopy was dense,and the overall forest was moderate,but there were differences in the mingling degree.The quadrivariate distribution indicated that the most common forest spatial structural unit in the natural secondary forest stands of Q.mongolica was the dominant tree with four other tree species distributed very densely around it.The most common forest spatial structural unit in the natural secondary forest stands of larch was the sub-dominant tree that was randomly distributed and relatively dense distributed under not-mixed grade.White birch and larch were tree species possessed by the two research objects,and the spatial structural units of the two were great
作者
刘燕
李春旭
王子纯
赵衍征
李耀翔
Liu Yan;Li Chunxu;Wang Zichun;Zhao Yanzheng;Li Yaoxiang(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期128-134,共7页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504103)。
关键词
天然次生林
阔叶混交林
落叶松林
林分空间结构
大兴安岭
Natural secondary forest
Mixed broad-leaved forest
Larix gmelinii forest
Stand spatial structure
Daxing’an Mountains
