摘要
单方承诺之慈善捐赠因缺乏特定的受赠人,捐赠人不履行捐赠承诺的可能性增大,且在其不履行捐赠承诺时,依现存法律无法追究其法律责任。慈善宣言信托与单方承诺之慈善捐赠具有极大相似性,可用来解决单方承诺之慈善捐赠的法律规制困境。同时,随着慈善宣言信托设立灵活、经济便利、缓解信任危机、丰富慈善机制等制度优越性的体现,其在中国实践和理论界越来越受到重视。但是慈善宣言信托在中国法律体系中尚处于缺席状态,为此需打破在中国认可慈善宣言信托的理论障碍,探索慈善宣言信托与单方承诺之慈善捐赠结合的合理性,从信托主体的确定、信托的设立和生效、信托财产范围的确定、信托财产独立性的保障、信托的变更终止和信托的监督管理等方面构建中国慈善宣言信托制度。
Due to the lack of specific grantees for unilaterally committed charitable donations,the possibility of donors'failure to fulfill their donation commitments increases.When donors fail to fulfill their donation commitments,they cannot be held legally responsible under existing laws.The charitable declaration trust is very similar to the unilaterally committed charitable donation,which can be used to solve the legal regulatory dilemma of unilaterally committed charitable donation.At the same time,with the manifestation of the superiority of the charity declaration trust in its flexibility,economy and convenience,relief of the credit crisis,and enrichment of charitable mechanisms,it has received more and more attention in China's practical and theoretical circles.However,the charity declaration trust is still absent in China's legal system.To this end,it is necessary to break the theoretical barriers to recognize the charity declaration trust in China and explore the rationality of combining the charity declaration trust with the unilaterally committed charitable donation.China's charity declaration trust system can be constructed from the following aspects,including the determination of the main body of the trust,the establishment and effectiveness of the trust,the determination of the scope of the trust property,the guarantee of the independence of the trust property,the termination of the change of trust,and the supervision and management of the trust.
作者
隋论论
李芳
SUI Lun-lun;LI Fang(School of Law, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)
出处
《河北科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第2期47-54,共8页
Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology:Social Sciences
基金
山东省高等学校科研计划项目(J16YB10)。
关键词
慈善宣言信托
慈善捐赠
单方承诺
单方法律行为
charitable declaration trust
charitable donation
unilateral commitment
unilateral legal behavior
