摘要
趋磁细菌磁小体是由生物膜包裹且呈链状排列的磁性纳米颗粒,磁小体通过生物矿化形成的磁性纳米颗粒具有规则的形状、均一的粒径及较高的结晶度,引起了研究者的广泛关注.磁小体膜由磷脂和脂肪酸组成,磁小体膜脂质囊泡实际上是一个控制磁性纳米颗粒精确合成的纳米反应器.磁小体膜内的一系列生物矿化蛋白控制着铁的转运、铁的氧化还原、磁性纳米颗粒的形核以及生长.目前,磁小体生物矿化的具体机制尚未明确且磁小体难以实现规模化生产,因此引发了人们对仿生合成磁小体的研究.体内研究显示,磁小体蛋白如Mms6、MamC、MmsF、MamG和MamD对磁小体的尺寸和形貌具有重要的调控作用,被认定为用于仿生合成磁小体的最好候选蛋白.一些工作已经对源于趋磁细菌的Mms6、MamC、MmsF等重组蛋白介导的磁性纳米颗粒的仿生合成进行了研究.这些研究不仅能够帮助我们更好地理解磁小体的生物矿化过程,而且能够制备出高质量的类磁小体磁性纳米颗粒.本文重点综述了几种重要的磁小体蛋白在介导磁性纳米颗粒仿生合成方面的研究进展,并对其未来发展进行了展望.
Magnetotactic bacteria magnetosomes are magnetic nanoparticles enclosed by biofilms and arrange in the form of a chain.Magnetic nanoparticles formed by the biomineralization of magnetosome usually have regular shape, uniform particle size and high crystallinity, which have attracted extensive attention of researchers. The magnetosome membrane is composed of phospholipids and fatty acids, and the magnetosome membrane lipid vesicle acts as a nanoreactor which controls the precise synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. A series of biomineralization proteins in the magnetosome membrane control the iron transport, redox reaction, nucleation and growth of the magnetic nanoparticles. At present, the specific biomineralization process of magnetosome is still unclear and the large-scale production of magnetosome is difficult, so the biomimetic synthesis of magnetosome has been initiated. In vivo studies have shown that magnetosome proteins of magnetotactic bacteria including Mms6, Mam C, Mms F, Mam G and Mam D play an important role in regulating the size and morphology of the magnetosome, and they have been identified as the best candidates for the biomimetic synthesis of magnetosome. Biomimetic synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles mediated by recombinant magnetosome proteins such as Mms6, Mam C and Mms F has been studied. These studies can not only help us better understand the biomineralization process of magnetosome, but also help us prepare high-quality magnetosome-like magnetic nanoparticles without the use of organic solvents, surfactants and high reaction temperature. This article mainly reviews the research progress of the biomimetic synthesis of magnetic nanoparticle mediated by several key magnetosome proteins and prospects its future development.Mms6 seems to mainly control over the growth kinetics of magnetic crystal by acting as an iron reservoir. Mam C seems to preferably control the nucleation kinetics of magnetic crystals due to the ionotropic and template effects. Mam P as an iron oxidase can support to for
作者
毛宇
杨一子
何世颖
李艳
顾宁
Yu Mao;Yizi Yang;Shiying He;Yan Li;Ning Gu(Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices,School of Biological Science&Medical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第15期1476-1485,共10页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金(51832001,61821002,31800843)
国家重大研发计划(2017YFA0104301)资助。
关键词
磁小体
磁性纳米颗粒
生物矿化
磁小体蛋白
仿生合成
magnetosome
magnetic nanoparticles
biomineralization
magnetosome proteins
biomimetic synthesis
