摘要
为了研制对野燕麦具有防除效果的燕麦镰刀菌GD-2可湿性粉剂,通过对载体和助剂的筛选以及采用正交试验,确定出燕麦镰刀菌GD-2可湿性粉剂最优配方,并进行质量指标检测和田间试验。结果表明:燕麦镰刀菌GD-2可湿性粉剂最佳载体为硅藻土,最佳润湿剂为十二烷基硫酸钠,最佳分散剂为二甲基亚苯磺酸钠,最佳紫外保护剂为黄原胶,这4种物质与燕麦镰刀菌GD-2具有较高的生物相容性。正交试验确定燕麦镰刀菌GD-2可湿性粉剂最优配比为硅藻土∶十二烷基硫酸钠∶二甲基亚苯磺酸钠∶黄原胶=50∶2∶5∶0. 7。通过制备获得的5. 8×10^8个/g燕麦镰刀菌GD-2可湿性粉剂达到了国家质量标准。进一步田间试验结果表明,燕麦镰刀菌GD-2可湿性粉剂对野燕麦的株高抑制率和鲜重防效分别达56. 9%和73. 3%,具有防除野燕麦的良好效果。本研究结果为将燕麦镰刀菌GD-2开发成防除野燕麦的微生物除草剂奠定了基础。
This study aims to develop wettable powder of Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 and determine its herbicidal efficacy.After the screening of the carrier and adjuvant followed by the optimization with the orthogonal design,the optimal formulation of the wettable powder of Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 was developed.Meanwhile,the Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 wettable powder was applied in the investigation of the control efficacy against Avena fatua L.in the field.Results indicated that diatomite(DI)as carrier,sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)as wetting agent,2-naphthalenesulfonic acid(NNO)as dispersant and xanthan gum(XG)as ultraviolet protectant showed the most suitable compatibility to the Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 strain.Subsequently,the optimum ratio of DI,SDS,NNO and XG was 50∶2∶5∶0.7 obtained by the orthogonal design.According to the above formulation,the 5.8×10^8 spores/g Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 wettable powder was obtained and met the state quality standards.The control efficacy of Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 wettable powder on the Avena fatua L.was tested in field experiments,and the control efficacies were 56.9%and 73.3%,respectively.The above results have provided a foundation for developing Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 wettable powder as mycoherbicide against Avena fatua L.
作者
庄新亚
程亮
郭青云
ZHUANG Xinya;CHENG Liang;GUO Qingyun(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management,Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《青海大学学报》
2020年第3期9-17,43,共10页
Journal of Qinghai University
基金
青海省科学技术厅项目(2018-ZJ-917)。
关键词
野燕麦
燕麦镰刀菌
可湿性粉剂
分生孢子粉
防除效果
Avena fatua L.
Fusarium avenaceum
wettable powder
spore powder
control efficacy
