摘要
康德把自己的伦理学叫做义务论,其对立面主要是幸福论。他的义务论立足于人的意志的有限性和非神圣性,认为道德法则对于人而言是一种"命令"。康德很早就在其《伦理学讲义》中阐发了有关义务的思想,但直到《道德形而上学奠基》(1785年)才首先公开发表。在《实践理性批判》(1788年)中,他进一步论述了有关义务的思想。在《道德形而上学》(1797年)中,他最终建立起了一个完整的义务论体系。
Kant named his ethics as deontology,the main antithesis of which is the theory of happiness.His deontology is based on the finiteness and unholiness of human will and holds that moral law is a kind of"command"for human beings.The idea of duty which Kant expounded early in Lectures on Ethics,was published in the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals(1785).Kant further discussed it in the Critique of Practical Reason(1788),and finally established a complete system of deontology in The Metaphysics of Morals(1797).
作者
舒远招
SHU Yuanzhao(Yuelu Academy,Hunan University,Changsha 410000,China)
出处
《云梦学刊》
2020年第4期79-88,共10页
Journal of Yunmeng
关键词
道德形而上学奠基
实践理性批判
道德形而上学
义务论
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Critique of Practical Reason
The Metaphysics of Morals
deontology
