摘要
无车承运人经营模式是在智慧物流协同共享理念下诞生的创新商业模式,对无车承运人经营模式的研究对其快速健康发展与智慧物流产业政策制定具有重要意义。基于对双边市场平台和开放式创新下创新要素作用机制的分析,构建无车承运人企业绩效演化的系统动力学模型,运用Vensim PLE软件进行系统仿真分析和灵敏度分析,研究结果表明,用户数量决定平台价值,交叉网络外部性是用户积累的重要动力;从开放式创新的视角来看,无车承运人企业采取开放式创新模式后绩效能获得显著提升,但开放式创新模式的收益和成本并存,且在早期成本大于收益,相比于开放深度,开放广度对企业绩效的影响更大,且该影响是通过作用于增值服务收益实现的,过度开放对企业绩效产生负面影响;市场竞争对企业绩效有促进作用,“补贴大战”可能导致“赢者通吃”的局面。鉴于此,无车承运人企业应采取开放式创新模式,避免产生严重的同质化竞争,优先扩大对外开放的广度,为平台用户提供多种增值服务;资金实力雄厚的无车承运人大企业可以采取适当策略,以高额补贴的方式获得先发优势;中小无车承运人企业可以从“赢者通吃”的前提入手,减轻补贴支出的压力,为用户提供差异化的增值服务和运输资源;政府管理部门应警惕因“赢者通吃”而可能造成的行业垄断,鼓励或帮助部分中小企业进入市场,创造良性的市场竞争环境。
The NTOCC business model is an innovative business model born under the concept of collaborative sharing of intelligent logistics.The research on NVOCC enterprises is of great significance to the rapid and healthy development of such enterprises and the formulation of intelligent logistics industrial policies.Based on the analysis of the action mechanism of twosided market and innovation elements under the open innovation,a system dynamics model for the performance evolution of NTOCC is constructed.The system simulation analysis and sensitivity analysis are carried out by using Vensim PLE software.The results show that:(1)The number of users determines the platform value,and cross-network externality is an important driving force for users to accumulate(.2)From the perspective of open innovation,firstly,the performance of NTOCC enterprises can be significantly improved after adopting the open innovation model,but the benefits and risks of the open innovation mode coexist,and the risks outweigh the benefits in the early stage;secondly,compared with the depth of opening,the breadth of opening has a greater impact on the performance of enterprises,and this impact is realized by acting on the value-added service revenue;finally,excessive openness will have a negative impact on corporate performance(.3)Market competition can promote enterprise performance,and"subsidy war"may lead to the formation of winner-take-all situation.Because of this,first,NTOCC enterprises should adopt the open innovation pattern,avoid the severe homogeneous competition,expand the width of openness,and provide platform users with various value-added service;second,large NTOCC enterprises with abundant capital should adopt appropriate strategy to gain first mover advantages with the help of higher subsidy;third,small and medium NTOCC enterprises should start from“winner-take-all”,relieve the pressure of subsidy,and provide users with differentiated value-added service and transportation resources;and fourth,the government should avoid the r
作者
课题组
张树山
Task Group(School of Economics and Management,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130117,Jilin,China)
出处
《中国流通经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期3-15,共13页
China Business and Market
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“物流产业智慧化绩效生成机理与智慧物流体系构建对策研究”(18BJY180)。
