摘要
目的分析阻断乙型肝炎母婴垂直传播的影响因素,评估乙型肝炎母婴阻断效果。方法选择产检中患有乙型肝炎的孕妇为研究对象,对其新生儿在12 h内接种乙肝疫苗和乙肝免疫球蛋白联合免疫,并完成婴儿期全程乙肝疫苗接种,当婴儿8月龄时开展乙型肝炎血清学检测。结果联合免疫对乙型肝炎母婴传播的总体阻断成功率为78.8%,"大三阳"、"小三阳"、HBsAg(+)+HBeAg(-)和HBsAg(+)+HBeAg(+)的孕妇母婴阻断成功率分别为61.5%,100.0%,84.2%和57.1%,不同感染状况的孕妇母婴阻断成功率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=25.078,P<0.05),乙型肝炎e抗原阳性的母亲阻断成功率低仅60.0%左右;自然分娩阻断成功率为83.3%,剖宫产6人均成功阻断;母乳和人工喂养的婴幼儿阻断成功率分别为80.0%和84.6%,混合喂养3人均成功阻断,不同分娩方式(χ^2=1.171)和喂养方式(χ^2=2.776)的阻断成功率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采取科学规范的联合免疫可有效阻断乙型肝炎母婴传播;e抗原阳性的母亲是影响阻断效果的因素,分娩方式和喂养方式对阻断和免疫效果无明显影响。
Objective To analyze influence factors of affecting mother-infant transmission block of hepatitis B virus(HBV),so as to evaluate the effect of mother-infant transmission block of HBV.Methods The pregnant women with HBV were selected as the object,and their neonates were injected vaccine of HBV combined with hyper-immune globulin of hepatitis B(HBIg)within 12 hours.The full dose immunization were finished during infancy stage,and the infants at the age of 8 months were carried out serological test of hepatitis B.Results The overall blocking rate of the combined immunization for mother-infant transmission block was 78.8%.The blocking rate of the mothers with different serum markers was 61.5%(positive of HBsAg,HBeAg and HBcAb),100.0%(positive of HBsAg,HBeAb and HBcAb),84.2%(positive of HBsAg and negative of HBeAg)and 57.1%(positive of HBsAg and HBeAg),respectively.The effect of mother-infant transmission block was statistically significant(χ^2=25.078,P<0.05)in the pregnant women with different infection.The blocking rate was low(around 60.0%)in the mothers with positive HBeAg.The blocking rate of HBV was 83.3%in the pregnant women with spontaneous labor,100.0%in the pregnant women with cesarean delivery,80.0%in the infants fed with breast milk,84.6%in the infants with artificial feeding and 100.0%in the 3 infants with mixed feeding.There were no statistical differences(P>0.05)in the effect of mother-infant transmission block among different delivery mode(χ^2=1.171)and the feeding ways(χ^2=2.776).Conclusions The scientifically and normatively combined immunization has effect of blocking mother-infant transmission of HBV.The blocking effect is depressed when HBeAg is positive.Different delivery modes and feeding ways have no significant effects on the block and immunization.
作者
程新香
朱婷
刘氏河
阮烨
CHENG Xin-xiang;ZHU Ting;LIU Shi-he;RUAN Ye(Hezuo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hezuo,Gansu 747000,China;不详)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2020年第2期51-53,共3页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
乙型肝炎
母婴传播
阻断效果
Hepatitis B
Transmission,mother-infant
Blocking effect
