摘要
目的了解温州市城乡儿童家长获取预防接种信息的主要途径及其影响因素,为进一步落实施儿童免疫预防,开展针对性健康教育提供依据。方法2016年7~8月,采用多阶段随机抽样方法,分别在温州市城市与农村社区共抽取1462名儿童家长,采取问卷形式调查预防接种素养具备水平及信息获取途径等现况。结果温州市儿童家长获得预防接种信息的主要途径前三位为健康教育资料663例(45.35%),医务人员641例(43.84%),新媒体524例(35.84%)。城市家长在大众媒体和新媒体途径获取信息上要高于农村家长,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=73.07、57.88,P<0.01),农村家长比城市家长通过健康教育资料与亲朋好友渠道得到预防接种信息要多,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=76.54、84.21,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,城乡地区差异对大众媒体、新媒体、健康教育资料及亲朋好友等途径获取信息均有影响。年龄越大新媒体利用率越低。文化程度越高越能提高家长通过大众媒体及健康教育资料了解信息。除大众媒体外,性别因素能影响家长从其他四大类途径获得信息。具备预防接种素养能促进家长从大众媒体(OR=2.78,95%CI:2.20~3.51);新媒体(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.50~2.36)及医务人员(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.52~2.34)等途径获取预防接种信息。结论针对不同人群信息获取途径的差异,积极利用各种健康教育策略,实施预防接种信息传播精准化,能有助提高儿童家长及时掌握预防接种信息。
Objective To understand the major ways of obtaining immunization related information of parents in the urban and rural areas of Wenzhou,and to discuss its influencing factors.Methods During January and August 2016,a total of 1462 parents were recruited in the self-designed questionnaire survey using multi-stage random sampling method in urban and rural areas of Wenzhou.Immunization related information were collected and analyzed.Results The top three ways by which parents obtained immunization-related knowledge were through health education materials(45.35%),health providers(43.84%)and new media(35.84%).More parents in urban areas than in rural areas obtained knowledge through mass media and new media(χ^2=73.07,57.88,P<0.01),while more parents in rural areas than in urban areas obtained knowledge through health education materials and from friends(χ^2=76.54,84.21,P<0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the geographical factor had a significant impact on parents to obtain knowledge through mass media,new media,health education materials and from friends.The rate of new media utilization decreased along with age.More well-educated parents acquired information through mass media and health education materials.Gender affected the 4 major ways(except mass media)by which parents obtained information.Having a better health literacy was correlated with parent of obtaining information from mass media(OR=2.78,95%CI:2.20-3.51),new media(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.50-2.36)and health providers(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.52-2.34).Conclusions Parents in urban areas obtain immunization related information through different approaches compared to those in rural areas.Therefore,information dissemination should be region targeted and customized in order for parents to acquire the information correctly and timely.
作者
陈镭
毛紫娟
杨桂丽
CHEN Lei;MAO Zi-juan;YANG Gui-li(Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第2期208-214,共7页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
关键词
预防接种
信息获取
影响因素
家长
健康教育
健康素养
现况调查
Immunization
Access to information
Influencing factors
Parents
Health education
Health literacy
Cross-sectional investigation
