摘要
魏晋士人园林将可居的现实需求与可游的审美需要结合起来,以山水为核心突出了士人园林独特的文化意味。陶渊明的田园应置于此文化氛围中来考察,他在田园中的居处活动,与其仕隐抉择和人生思考是起伏相印的。与高门士族的山水庄园相比,陶渊明田园具有规模结构之“小”、景观布局之“简”、人与自然审美关系之“和”等特征。依托田园的生命实践,陶渊明表达了以道抗势的道统意识,树立耕隐结合的自由人格,以及称心适性的自然人生观,赋予田园深厚的思想审美意义。田园作为可居可游的文化意象,在陶诗中才开始成熟丰富起来,田园归去也成为后世士人永恒的文化情结。
The intellectuals’gardens in Wei-Jin Dynasties combine the residential needs and the aesthetic requirements,highlighting their unique cultural meaning with the landscape as the core.Tao Yuan ming’s idyll should be studied in this cultural atmosphere.His activities in his residence in the idyll are closely related to his choices between official career and seclusion and reflections on life.Compared with the landscape manors of the noble families,Tao Yuanming’s idyll is characterized by“small”scale structure,“simple”landscape layout and“harmony”between human and nature.By his life practice in the idyll,Tao Yuanming expressed his consciousness of Confucian orthodoxy featuring morals against power,developed a free personality of combining farming life with seclusion and a well-content natural outlook on life,and endowed the idyll with profound ideological aesthetic significance.The idyll as a free and livable cultural symbol,didn’t get full-blown and abundant until it was presented in Tao Yuanming’s poems,and seclusion in idyll turned into an eternal cultural complex for the intellectuals in later ages.
作者
程磊
CHENG Lei(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第3期35-46,共12页
Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社科基金项目“唐诗宋词审美类型研究”(15BZW095)
中央高校教育教学改革专项项目“武大通识3.0”一般课程“诗词与人生”。
关键词
士人园林
陶渊明田园
可居可游
以道抗势
耕隐结合
称心适性
intellectuals’garden
idyll in Tao Yuanming’s poems
free and livable
consciousness of Confucian orthodoxy featuring morals against power
farming personally in seclusion
a self-satisfactory view of life based on Metaphysics
