摘要
本文拟从少数族裔生态批评的视角重审在西方文艺批评界有着广泛、深远影响的范畴崇高,以充分揭示它与人之心灵、自然和种族之间错综复杂的纠葛。研究发现,在其漫长的演变过程中,崇高一方面过度凸显人之心灵的超自然性,另一方面它又他者化自然和矮化有色族,尤其黑人族群,进而与"黑/白"主体性发生勾连。在美国历史上,它还预示并助推种族主义意识形态的现实转化,从而给黑人族群造成了严重的种族创伤。崇高与创伤形似而质异。尽管如此,崇高经过生态文学家爱默生、梭罗及阿比等的生态改造和重构,荡除了自然歧视和种族歧视,成功实现了生态转型,已升华为具有普遍环境公正意识的"生态崇高",并成为保护非人类世界的重要文化力量。
The intention of this study is to revisit,from ecocritical perspective,the critical concept of the sublime,a wide-ranging and far-reaching in western literary and artistic criticism,so as to fully reveal the complicated relationships between human mind,nature and race. The analysis shows that in the long history of its evolution,the sublime on the one hand overemphasizes the supernaturality of human mind,and on the other otherizes nature and dwarfs the colored people,the black in particular,whereby it is interwoven with "black/white" subjectivity. In the American history,it foreshadows and helps turn racism into the real institutions whereby endless racial trauma aimed at black people was produced. Sharing the superficial similarities,both the sublime and trauma are different from each other in nature with regard to their effects. In spite of the abovementioned sad incidents,those ecological literature writers such as Emerson,Thoreau and Abbey have been ecologically revising and reconstructing it to get rid of naturism and racism inherent in it,and have succeeded in letting it go through ecological transformation. Now it has become"the ecological sublime "based on universal environmental justice,and plays an important role in the protection of non-human natural world.
出处
《外语与外语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期121-131,150,共12页
Foreign Languages and Their Teaching
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“美国少数族裔生态批评理论研究”阶段性成果(项目编号:13BWW005)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“生态批评的理论问题及其中国化研究”阶段性成果(项目编号:19JJD750005)。
关键词
崇高
少数族裔生态批评
生态困局
生态重构
生态意义
The Sublime
minority nationalities ecocriticism
ecological trap
ecological reconstruction
ecological significance
