摘要
Fruit crops, including apple, orange, grape,banana, strawberry, watermelon, kiwifruit and tomato, not only provide essential nutrients for human life but also contribute to the major agricultural output and economic growth of many countries and regions in the world. Recent advancements in genome editing provides an unprecedented opportunity for the genetic improvement of these agronomically important fruit crops. Here, we summarize recent reports of applying CRISPR/Cas9 to fruit crops,including efforts to reduce disease susceptibility, change plant architecture or flower morphology, improve fruit quality traits, and increase fruit yield. We discuss challenges facing fruit crops as well as new improvements and platforms that could be used to facilitate genome editing in fruit crops, including d Cas9-base-editing to introduce desirable alleles and heat treatment to increase editing efficiency. In addition, we highlight what we see as potentially revolutionary development ranging from transgene-free genome editing to de novo domestication of wild relatives. Without doubt, we now see only the beginning of what will eventually be possible with the use of the CRISPR/Cas9 toolkit. Efforts to communicate with the public and an emphasis on the manipulation of consumerfriendly traits will be critical to facilitate public acceptance of genetically engineered fruits with this new technology.
基金
supported by grants from NSF(IOS 1444987)
USDA(NIFA11889048)
the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station Hatch Project
scholarship from The Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(201606320096 to D.L.and 201706850061 to G.W.)
supported by the University of Maryland CMNS Dean’s Matching Award that is associated with the NIH T32 Molecular and Cell Biology Training Grant。
