摘要
清代法律体系下对案件承审官员的个人司法能力以及律文的掌握和适用水平都提出了极高的要求。具体到审理结果方面,则必须要尽可能做到证据齐备,以期实现情理和法理双重标准下所谓“处断平允,勿枉勿纵”的社会效果。不过在现实的司法实践过程中,证据往往并没有成为获取案情真相的有效媒介,反而成为部分官员用来实现主观判断合理性,表现个人能力水平的工具。其中清代“麻城案”的审理过程,明确了承审官员为消除审转程序下对自己审定结果的必要合理怀疑,往往会选择罔顾事实并有意识地“制造”证据以弥合其中可能导致审定结论发生改变的事实表象,以便于逃避法官责任制下可能因审理不当所承担的必要责任。
Under the legal system of the Qing Dynasty,there were extremely high requirements on the personal judicial ability and mastery and application level of the law of trial officials.As far as trial results are concerned,the evidence must be as complete as possible,so as to achieve the social effect of“rule by fairness”under the double standards of reason and jurisprudence.However,in the actual judicial practice,evidence often does not become an effective medium to obtain the truth of case;instead,it has become a tool used by some officials to realize the rationality of subjective judgments and express their personal ability.Among them,the trial process of“Macheng Case”in the Qing Dynasty clearly clarifies that in order to eliminate the necessary reasonable doubts of the trial results,trial officials often choose to disregard the facts and consciously“manufacture”the evidence to bridge the appearance of facts that may make the conclusion of the trial change in order to evade the necessary responsibilities under the responsibility system of judges.
作者
石泉
SHI Quan(Faculty of Humanities,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810000,China)
出处
《榆林学院学报》
2020年第3期62-65,87,共5页
Journal of Yulin University
关键词
“麻城案”
“制造”证据
法官责任制
审转制度
“Macheng Case”
“manufacturing”evidence
judge responsibility system
trial transfer system
