摘要
【目的】探究施用不同调理剂对贵州喀斯特地区黄壤pH和重金属(Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn)有效态含量的影响,为黄壤中重金属的固化及调理剂的田间应用提供参考依据。【方法】选取硅钙肥和硅粉2种硅酸盐肥料为供试调理剂,均设添加量分别为1%、5%、10%、30%和50%,以未添加调理剂为空白对照(CK),通过室内培养40 d后采集土壤样品,分析不同调理剂对土壤中pH、重金属(Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn)有效态含量及稳定效率的影响。【结果】随着硅钙肥添加量的增加,土壤pH总体上呈升高趋势,较CK上升0.22~0.88;添加硅粉使土壤pH降低0.13~1.62。硅钙肥添加量为1%~10%时,对土壤Cd、Pb和Zn稳定效率较好,最高稳定效率分别为12.42%、26.31%和5.55%;随着添加量的增加,硅钙肥对土壤Cu的稳定效率呈先下降再上升的变化趋势,添加量为50%时,土壤Cu有效态含量达最低值,稳定效率最高,达23.34%。硅粉添加量为1%时,对Pb、Cd和Zn稳定效率最高,分别达25.10%、4.82%和17.87%;随着硅粉添加量的增加,各重金属稳定效率呈下降趋势,添加量超过5%后,硅粉会提高土壤中Cd和Zn有效态含量,稳定效率降低;添加硅粉可使土壤Cu有效态含量升高,添加量为50%时,稳定效率达-74.60%。硅粉处理后,土壤pH与Cd、Cu、Zn有效态含量间均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01,下同),相关系数分别为-0.947、-0.932和-0.968;硅钙肥处理后,土壤pH与Cd、Cu、Zn有效态含量间呈正相关,与Pb有效态含量呈负相关,其中与Cu、Zn有效态含量的相关性达极显著水平。【结论】硅钙肥能提高土壤pH,而硅粉会降低土壤pH。2种调理剂添加量为1%~10%时,对土壤中Cd、Pb和Zn有良好的稳定效果,可在实际生产中推广应用。
【Objective】The effects of different conditioning agents on the pH and the content of heavy metals(Cd,Pb,Cu and Zn)effective states in yellow soil of Guizhou karst region were investigated,to provide reference for heavy metal immobilization and field application of conditioning agents in yellow soil.【Method】Two kinds of silicate fertilizers,silicone calcium fertilizer and silicone powder,were selected as test conditioners,the addition of mass fraction were 1%,5%,10%,30%and 50%,not adding conditioner as a blank control(CK).Soil samples were collected after 40 d of indoor culture,and the effects of different conditioners on the effective state content and stability efficiency of pH,heavy metals(Cd,Pb,Cu and Zn)in soil were analyzed.【Result】With the increase of calcium silicone fertilizer addition,soil pH overall showed an upward trend,the soil pH increased 0.22-0.88 units compared to CK.Adding silicone powder could lower the soil pH by 0.13-1.62 units.When the amount of silicone calcium fertilizer added was 1%-10%,the stability efficiency of the soil Cd,Pb and Zn was better,and the maximum stability efficiencies of Cd,Pb and Zn were 12.42%,26.31%and 5.55%,respectively.With the increase of the amount of addition,the stability efficiency of soil Cu presented a decreaseincrease trend.When the amount of addition was 50%,the effective state of soil Cu reached the lowest value,and the stability efficiency reached the highest(23.34%).When the amount of silicone powder added at 1%,the stability efficiencies of Pb,Cd and Zn were the highest,reaching 25.10%,4.82%and 17.87%respectively.With the increase of silicone powderadding amount,the stability efficiency of heavy metals showed a decreasing trend,after adding more than 5%,silicone powder improved the effective state contents of Cd and Zn in soil,and the stability efficiency was reduced.The addition of silicone powder could increase the effective state content of soil Cu,and the stability efficiency was-74.60%when the amount of addition was 50%.In addition,there
作者
吴正卓
刘桂华
柴冠群
范成五
吴科堰
秦松
WU Zheng-zhuo;LIU Gui-hua;CHAI Guan-qun;FAN Cheng-wu;WU Ke-yan;QIN Song(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期822-828,共7页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2016〕2595-1号,黔科合支撑〔2017〕2577,黔科合支撑〔2018〕2338)。
关键词
调理剂
硅钙肥
硅粉
黄壤
重金属形态
稳定效率
conditioners
silicone calcium fertilizer
silicone powder
yellow soil
heavy metal speciation
stabilization efficiency
