摘要
需求分析是软件开发过程中最重要的阶段,包括需求获取、分析、验证、需求规格说明等部分,其中需求规格说明是需求获取、分析、验证最终得到的结果描述,也是需求工程师、用户及系统设计师分析与理解软件系统的文档。统一建模语言(UML)是面向对象的标准建模语言,可利用其对系统进行需求分析。由于许多软件工程师和研究者对该语言有不同认识,导致采用UML建模的需求规格说明文档存在不同结构和内容,从而使相互交流变得困难。为避免该问题出现,提出面向对象的需求规格说明文档结构应遵从问题分析的逻辑性,并给出具体分析步骤及文档模板,解释了该模板中的每部分内容。最后利用提出的方法,以物流系统项目为例,详细说明了物流软件需求规格文档结构。
Requirements analysis is the most important phase in software development,which includes requirements elicitation,analysis,verification,and requirements specification.Requirements specification is the result of requirements elicitation,analysis,and verification.It is the document by which requirement engineers,users and system designers to analyze and understand software system.The unified modeling language(UML)is a standard modeling language.Since different software engineers and researchers have their own understanding,they offer the requirement specification documents of different structures and contents with UML.This case can make communications more difficult.To solve the problem,this paper presents that the structure of the object-oriented specification document should comply with the logic of the analysis problem,and gives the specific analysis steps and the document template,and explains each part of the content of the template.Finally,the proposed method is used to analyze the requirements document in detail by taking the logistics system project as an example.
作者
陈杨杨
蒋建民
CHEN Yang-yang;JIANG Jian-min(Department of Software Engineering,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China)
出处
《软件导刊》
2020年第4期102-106,共5页
Software Guide
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61772004)
福建省自然科学基金项目(2018J01777)。
关键词
面向对象
需求规格说明
文档模板
UML
软件工程
object-oriented
requirement specification
document template
UML
software engineering
