摘要
为了了解退役铀尾矿库周边的放射性水平,通过对地表氡析出率、γ空气吸收剂量率和丰水期、平水期以及枯水期水中镭和铀的含量进行测量,并与标准限值对比,同时采用单因子指数法对数据进行污染分析。结果表明:铀尾矿库的γ辐射剂量率整体处于规定限值(69.8+174 nGy/h)之下,均值为45.6 nGy/h,所致当地居民(主要是放牧人员)人均年有效剂量当量为0.035 mSv;地表氡析出率均值为0.43 Bq/(m^2·s),低于规定限值的0.74 Bq/(m^2·s)。说明对该铀尾矿库的空气环境的治理取得了良好的效果。对所测量的30个采水样点,丰水期、平水期以及枯水期水中镭的含量范围分别为0.002~0.525、0.002~0.433、0.004~0.507 Bq/L;铀的含量范围分别为0.91~78.30、0.26~78.50、1.04~85.00μg/L。镭-226的含量未超过中国铀矿冶行业相关管理限值1.11 Bq/L,而铀的含量仅个别测点超过了50μg/L。通过单因子指数法进行污染分析得出,无论是铀标准指数还是镭-226标准指数,平水期好于丰水期,又好于枯水期。
To determine the radioactivity level around decommissioned uranium tailings pond,the surface radon exhalation rate,gamma air absorption dose rate,and the contents of radium and uranium in water in flooding,normal,and dry seasons were measured,and compared with the standard limits.The single-factor index method was used to analyze the radioactive pollution.Results show that the gamma radiation dose rate of the uranium tailings pond was lower than the prescribed limit value(69.8+174 nGy/h),on average of 45.6 nGy/h,which could result in a per capita annual effective dose equivalent of 0.035 mSv in local residents(mainly herders).The average surface radon emission rate was 0.43 Bq/(m^2·s),which is lower than the specified limit of 0.74 Bq/(m^2·s).Therefore,the treatment of the air environment of the uranium tailings pond has achieved good results.At the 30 sample points of measurement,the content range of radium in water in flooding,normal,and dry seasons was 0.002~0.525,0.002~0.433,and 0.004~0.507 Bq/L;and uranium contents ranged 0.91~78.30,0.26~78.50,and 1.04~85.00μg/L,respectively.The content of 226Ra was within the national regulatory limit of 1.11 Bq/L for uranium mining and metallurgy industry in China.The content of uranium was>50μg/L at only an individual point.In overall,both single-factor uranium and 226Ra standard indices indicated that the radioactive pollution was the lightest in normal season,flowed by flood season,and next the dry season.
作者
张乾
杨亚新
张卫民
吴信民
罗齐彬
ZHANG Qian;YANG Ya-xin;ZHANG Wei-min;WU Xin-min;LUO Qi-bin(College of Nuclear Science and Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;National Key Laboratory for Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2020年第10期4166-4171,共6页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
江西省重点研发计划项目(20171BBG70033)
国家自然科学基金项目(41574102)。
关键词
铀尾矿库
氡析出率
γ空气吸收剂量率
镭-226
铀
uranium tailings pond
radon exhalation rate
γair absorption dose rate
226Ra
uranium
