摘要
劳动是人类生存和发展的基本需求。劳动教育是培养人的劳动能力的重要途径,是全面发展教育的重要组成部分。在中小学阶段,劳动教育开展得如何决定着国民的劳动价值观和基本劳动素养。我国中小学劳动教育几经变革,经历了初具形态、曲折发展、全面探索、忽视弱化、回归本质五个发展阶段,呈现的基本特征是:劳动教育价值取向由政治性、工具性转向人文性;劳动教育内容由生产劳动转向社会实践;劳动教育课程标准从无到有、从笼统到具体;劳动教育评价体系由忽视转向重视。新时代中小学劳动教育的实施路径是:构建全面性、差异性的劳动教育目标体系;构建系统性、发展性的劳动教育课程体系;构建立体性、协同性的劳动教育实践体系;构建全方位、整合性的劳动教育保障体系;构建实质性、激励性的劳动教育评价体系。
Labor is a basic requirement for human survival and development.Labor education in primary and secondary schools contributes to the labor values,skills and achievements of the citizens of a country.Labor education in primary and secondary schools in China has gone through five stages,namely,initial stage,developing amidst twists and turns,comprehensive investigation,neglecting and weakening,and re-emphasizing the nature of labor education.Achievements include:the value orientation has turned from political and instrumental to humanistic;the contents from productive labor to social practice;the curriculum standard from general to specific;the evaluation system from being neglected to being highlighted.Suggestions for the new era are building a comprehensive and differentiated target system;a developmental curriculum system;a three-dimensional and cooperative practice system;an all-round and integrated security system;and a substantial and inspiring evaluation system.
作者
王慧
王晓娟
WANG Hui;WANG Xiaojuan(Faculty of Education,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)
出处
《河北师范大学学报（教育科学版）》
北大核心
2020年第3期36-45,共10页
Journal of Hebei Normal University(Educational Science)
基金
全国教育科学规划课题“改革开放40年农村义务教育发展研究——政策与实施效果的视角”(BOA180046)。
关键词
中小学劳动教育
综合实践活动
发展历程
基本特征
实施路径
labor education in primary and secondary schools
integrated curriculum of practice activities
course of development
basic characteristics
approaches
