摘要
沱江是长江上游总磷污染最严重的区域之一,针对沱江流域总磷污染,开展流域总磷污染负荷核算,结合资料收集和现场调查,分析沱江总磷污染成因,提出沱江流域总磷污染控制对策。研究表明:2016年沱江流域总磷污染来源以非点源为主,各污染源总磷入河量大小依次为:农村生活>城镇生活>农业非点源>工业>城市径流>畜禽养殖。各地市总磷入河量大小依次为:成都>内江>德阳>自贡>资阳>泸州>眉州,其中上游总磷入河量最大,中游其次,下游最小。总体来说,造成沱江流域总磷较高的原因有:磷矿和磷化工较多,局部河段水质超标严重;基础设施建设滞后,生活污染未得到有效治理;畜禽养殖废物资源化利用不足,影响水环境质量;部分支流生态流量不足,总磷污染严重,对干流水质影响巨大。针对沱江总磷污染负荷及成因,按照“重点突破、分类治理、流域统筹”的原则,提出总磷污染控制建议:(1)以干流源头控制为主,以重点支流小流域污染减排为辅,开展沱江全流域总磷污染控制。(2)分类治理,强化沱江流域总磷污染控制。(3)流域统筹,提升流域环境监管水平。
Tuojiang River is one of the tributaries in the upstream of Yangtze River Basin.It was seriously polluted by total phosphorus(TP).Reasons for TP pollution were analyzed based on pollution load accounting,data collection,and field investigation.The control strategy of TP in Tuojiang River basin was proposed.According to the study,in 2016,non-point source pollution was the main source of TP in Tuojiang River.Results showed that TP input load of all sources were Rural domestic>Urban domestic>Agriculture>Industry>Urban Runoff>Livestock Breeding.TP input loads of different cities were Chengdu>Neijiang>Deyang>Zigong>Ziyang>Luzhou>Meizhou.TP input load in upper reaches was the largest of all the areas in Yangtze River,then the middle reaches and the smallest was in the low reaches.In general,reasons for the high level of TP in the Tuojiang River include:the large number of phosphate minerals and phosphorus chemical industries affected the water quality of some reaches seriously;the domestic pollution has not been effectively treated because of the inadequate of sewage treatment facilities;Insufficient utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastes affected the quality of water environment;some tributaries were seriously polluted by TP,which had a great impact on the water quality of the main stream;the exacerbate water pollution caused by lack of ecological flow.In consideration of the characteristics and causes of TP pollution in the Tuojiang River Basin,control strategy of TP according to principles of“Major Breakthroughs,Classified control and Basin Coordination”was formed as following:(1)Controlled total phosphorus pollution in the Tuojiang river basin,mainly at the source of the main stream and supplemented by pollution reduction in small river basins of key tributaries(2)Classified control to strengthen the control of total phosphorus pollution in Tuojiang River Basin.(3)Overall planning of the river basin to improve the level of environmental supervision in the river basin.
作者
秦延文
马迎群
温泉
时瑶
郑丙辉
Qin Yanwen;Ma Yingqun;Wen Quan;Shi Yao;Zheng Binghui(Water Environment Research Center,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境科学与管理》
CAS
2020年第2期20-25,共6页
Environmental Science and Management
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2017ZX07206-001-03)
四川省科技项目(SCZC328301_20160004)。
关键词
沱江流域
总磷
污染负荷
污染成因
控制策略
Tuojiang River Basin
total phosphorus(TP)
pollution load
pollution causes
control strategy
