摘要
沟道土地是陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区重要的土地资源。然而,当前对黄土高原沟道土地的盐碱化问题关注不够,对盐碱化的现状、发生机制和防治措施也缺乏深入系统的认识,知识储备不能满足生产实际的需要。本文以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区自然和人为形成的沟道土地为研究对象,分别是延安顾屯新造耕地(治沟造地)、延川马家湾淤地坝土地和子洲黄土洼天然古聚湫土地,在这些流域内沿沟道采集土壤样品,测定土壤的电导率(EC)、p H值、含水量及粒度,分析土壤盐碱化的现状和影响因子。结果表明:马家湾淤地坝土地盐碱化最为严重,流域中游至上游均出现不同程度的盐碱化;顾屯新造地上游出现盐碱化,盐碱化程度较马家湾轻,而黄土洼古聚湫全流域未出现盐碱化。地下水位较浅是沟道土地发生盐碱化的主要影响因素,因此陕北沟道土地盐碱化防治应着力控制地下水位,建设良好的排水系统,加强排水。
Background,aim,and scope Soil salinization is one of the most important types of land degradation,which receives highly attention by scientists and governments around the world.During the past 50 years,China has achieved great success in controlling soil salinization,while it is still a serious problem of land degradation in many areas of China,e.g.the Yellow River Basin.The Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP)locates the middle reaches of the Yellow River,where is an area prone to soil salinization with low precipitation,high evaporation,and alkaline soil.The valley area on the CLP is the place where has high risk of soil salinization being high groundwater table and poor drainage system.However,the valley on the CLP has a large area of farmlands,e.g.the dammed farmlands formed through human and natural factors in the hilly-gully regions of the Northern Shaanxi Province.Currently,we lack a comprehensive understanding of the situation,mechanisms and prevention measures of soil salinization in these dammed farmlands in the valley of the loess hilly-gully regions,which has substantially constrained the knowledge demands of agricultural practice on the CLP.Thus,three kinds of dammed valley farmlands in the Northern Shaanxi Province were selected to examine the status and impact factors of soil salinization in the valley area of the CLP.Materials and methods The dammed farmlands included the man-made farmlands in the valley of the Gutun watershed,Yan’an City(formed through gully land consolidation),the seminatural farmlands behind the fulfilled check dams in the valley of the Majiawan watershed,Yanchuan County,and the natural farmlands formed through the ancient landslide-dammed lake in the valley of the Huangtuwa watershed,Zizhou County.Soil samples were collected in the three kinds of farmlands,and soil electric conductivity(EC),pH value,soil moisture and soil texture were measured.Moreover,based on the measured soil moisture content in the profile,groundwater levels in the three kinds of farmlands were estimated through a
作者
陈淑敏
金钊
张晶
褚光琛
桑维峻
林杭生
CHEN Shumin;JIN Zhao;ZHANG Jing;CHU Guangchen;SANG Weijun;LIN Hangsheng(State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710061,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change,Xi’an 710061,China;Department of Ecosystem Science and Management,the Pennsylvania State University,University Park,PA 16802,USA)
出处
《地球环境学报》
CSCD
2020年第1期81-89,共9页
Journal of Earth Environment
基金
黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室培育项目。
关键词
治沟造地
淤地坝
古聚湫
地下水位
土壤盐碱化
黄土高原
gully land consolidation
check dam
ancient landslide-dammed lake
groundwater table
soil salinization
Chinese Loess Plateau
