摘要
近视是发生率最高的屈光不正,已经成为世界范围内的公共卫生问题。我国有约6亿的近视患者,其中高度近视(high myopia,HM)患者超过8000万。目前近视的发生趋于年轻化、高度化,HM眼底病变尤其黄斑病变是东亚国家主要的致盲原因。迄今为止,HM的具体发病机制尚未阐明。越来越多的研究表明,其发生与遗传基因、环境因素、分子生物学和巩膜生物力学变化等有密切关系,氧化应激(oxidative stress,OS)在其中起重要作用。OS过程中能产生活性氧自由基和活性氮自由基,聚集在视网膜和脉络膜中,通过多种机制诱导巩膜细胞凋亡、细胞外基质降解等。本文对OS介导HM发病机制的研究进行综述,以期推进HM发病机制与防治的深入研究。
Myopia,which is the most common refractive error around the world,has been viewed as a major public health concern.In China,approximately 600 million patients suffered from myopia and over 80 million patients had high myopia(HM).At present,the myopia has the youth oriented tendency and become more advanced.HM fundus lesions,especially macular degeneration,are found to be the main cause of blindness in East Asian countries.However,the specific pathogenesis of HM is still unclear so far.More and more studies have shown that its occurrence is closely related to many factors,such as genetic inheritance,environmental factors,molecular biology and scleral biomechanical changes.Among those factors,oxidative stress(OS)plays an important role due to its accumulation in the retina and choroid,which can produce the reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species and induce scleral cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation through various mechanisms.Thus,this article reviews the research on the pathogenesis of OS-mediated HM by reviewing relevant literature at home and abroad to promote the in-depth study of the pathogenesis and prevention of HM.
作者
訾迎新
金明
ZI Yingxin;JIN Ming(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Ophthalmology,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《眼科新进展》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第4期388-391,共4页
Recent Advances in Ophthalmology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号81574029)。
关键词
氧化应激
高度近视
发病机制
综述
oxidative stress
high myopia
pathogenesis
review
