摘要
行政赔偿归责原则是整个行政赔偿程序由以展开的基础,在域外多个国家呈现出过错归责原则为主,其他归责原则为辅的综合多元判断机制。我国的行政赔偿归责原则经历了依托民事法律规范到依托行政诉讼规范再到依托专门国家赔偿法的变迁,目前形成了"违法归责"的实证机制。但该归责原则在理论解读上存在诸多争议,在实际应用中也出现保守收缩应用的倾向。当前我国行政赔偿归责原则应当在尽量遵循既定法治框架的前提下,继续发挥违法归责原则相较于其他归责原则的优势。以疏通行政诉讼节点、推进公民基本权利保障为视角,对违法归责原则进行适度的扩大解释,同时,以司法的自主规制和案例指导制度的辅助防范归责原则解释边界扩张可能带来的负面效应。
The principles in determining the liability for administrative compensation constitutes the basis of the whole proceeding of administrative compensation in China.In many foreign countries,fault liability is taken as the major principle,which is supplemented by other principles,hence a multipronged comprehensive mechanism of judicial decision-making.The principle in determining the liability for administrative compensation in China has undergone the change from depending on civil law and procedures to depending on administrative procedures to depending on the specialized State Compensation Law.Although the empirical mechanism of"liability for law violation"is now in place,such a principle is theoretically controversial and tends to be conservatively compromised in practice.At present,in administrative compensation,we should continue to bring into play the advantage coming with the principle of law violation liability over other principles under the condition of respecting the existing framework of rule of law.Through streamlining administrative procedures and promoting the protection of people’s basic rights,we should also appropriately expand the interpretation of the principle of law violation liability.At the same time,the possible negative effects of such an expansion should be prevented by applying the self-regulation of the judicial organs which is supplemented by the system of guiding cases.
出处
《法治现代化研究》
2020年第1期93-104,共12页
Law and Modernization
基金
2018年国家社科基金重大课题研究专项项目“宪法与社会主义核心价值观的融合发展及实现机制研究”(18VHJ005)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
行政赔偿
归责原则
违法归责原则
过错归责原则
administrative compensation
liability principle
principle of law-violation liability
principle of fault liability
