摘要
改革开放以来,我国城镇化进程取得了巨大的成就。但是我国城镇化进程中名义城镇化率与实际城镇化率差异即"半城镇化率"日趋突出,进城务工和定居的新市民(农民工)与城镇职工收入差距扩大。以1989-2018年名义与实际城镇化率差异为切入点,对"半城镇化率"以及新市民与城镇职工收入差距两者之间的关联关系进行实证分析,使用VAR模型分析名义与实际城镇化率差异对新市民与城镇职工收入差距的影响。实证结果表明:脉冲函数显示,城镇化率差异对新市民与城镇职工收入差距具有显著的影响,且呈正向冲击,持续性强;方差结果表明,城镇化率差异对新市民与城镇职工收入差距的贡献率达到33.5%。据此,应科学构建城镇化率指标体系,加大大中小城市的落户规模;实施严格的劳动权益保护,为新市民融入城市构筑社会安全网;建立城乡一体化劳动力市场,取消新市民进入门槛;加大技能和文化素质培训,提升新市民竞争实力。要尽快弥合名义城镇化率与实际城镇化率的差异,提升新型城镇化发展的质量。
Since the reform and opening up,Great achievements have been made in China’s urbanization process.However, in the process of urbanization in China,the difference between the nominal urbanization rate and the actual urbanization rate is that the semi-urbanization rate is becoming more and more prominent.New citizens who work and settle down in cities have suffered a lot in terms of economic and welfare benefits,This caused an indisputable fact that the income gap between new citizens and urban workers has widened.This paper starts from the difference between nominal and actual urbanization rates from 1989 to 2018, analyzes the relationship between the difference of semi-urbanization and the income gap between the new citizens and the urban workers,using the VAR model to analyze the impact of the difference between nominal and actual urbanization rates on the income gap between new citizens and urban workers,The empirical results show that:Impulse function analysis shows that,The difference in urbanization rate has a significant impact on the income gap between new citizens and urban workers,And it has a positive impact,strong sustainability;The variance analysis results show that the contribution rate of urbanization rate to the income gap between new citizens and urban workers is 33.5%.Therefore, this paper puts forward: scientific construction of urbanization rate index system, increase the size of household registration in large, medium and small cities;Implement strict protection of labor rights and interests to build a social safety net for new citizens to integrate into the city;Establishing an integrated labor market between urban and rural areas and abolishing the entry threshold for new citizens;Enhance skills and cultural quality training to enhance the competitiveness of new citizens. We should bridge the gap between nominal urbanization rate and actual urbanization rate as soon as possible and improve the quality of new urbanization development.
作者
孔祥利
张佩
何秀玲
KONG Xiang-li;ZHANG Pei;HE Xiu-ling(School of International Business,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710061,China;Faculty of Economics,Xi’an University of Finance and Economics,Xi’an 710061,China)
出处
《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第3期117-128,共12页
Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学一般项目“农民工城市资本积累与融入城市能力问题研究”(15BSH013)
陕西省社会科学基金项目(2017G003)。
关键词
城镇化率差异
新市民
城镇职工
收入差距
Difference in urbanization rate
new citizens
urban workers
income gap
