摘要
为了克服现有隔声评价方法无法分离结构声影响且一致性差的问题,提出一套针对多噪声源的整车空气声隔声实验室主客观评价技术。该技术在消声室或混响室中采用白噪声源激励,并采集车内乘员耳旁噪声,最终通过对采集数据的计算及主观评价分别得到客观噪声衰减量及主观评分,实现对整车空气声噪声衰减量的量化评价。基于这套评价技术,对6辆某商品车进行整车噪声衰减量客观测试和主观评分,并进行主客观评价指标之间的相关性分析。结果表明,人耳对空气声隔声的主观感受主要与2 kHz以上(特别是2 kHz至4 kHz)频率段的整车平均噪声衰减量相关。所提出的隔声评价技术不仅可以确保不同车型评价条件的一致性,而且可以有效避免结构声对主观评价的影响,所得相关性分析结果有利于建立工程师语言与用户需求间的联系,指导工程师进行空气声隔声性能开发。
In view of the problem that the currently existing insulation evaluation methods cannot eliminate the influence of the structure-borne noise and their evaluation results are in poor consistency,the objective and subjective assessment methods of vehicle air-borne sound insulation in laboratory for multiple noise sources are introduced.The experiments are conducted in an anechoic room or reverberation room.Under the excitation of white noise,the noise signals are collected at the ear positions of passengers.The quantitative evaluation is realized by the noise reduction level(NRL)and subjective preference.Based on the assessment methods,the sound insulation of six different vehicles is evaluated subjectively and objectively and the correlation analysis between the objective noise reduction level and the subjective preference is conducted.The results indicate that the subjective preference is mainly associated to the noise reduction level above the frequency of 2 kHz(specially 2 kHz-4 kHz).The objective and subjective assessment methods in laboratory can eliminate the influence of structure-borne noise and guarantee the consistency of evaluation for different type vehicles.These methods are helpful for establishing the relationship between engineering language and customer’s requirements and providing the guidance for vehicle sound insulation development.
作者
姜豪
张思文
徐小敏
杨亮
庞剑
JIANG Hao;ZHANG Siwen;XU Xiaomin;YANG Liang;PANG Jian(State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology,Chongqing 401120,China;Changan Auto Globe R&D Center,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《噪声与振动控制》
CSCD
2020年第2期162-166,共5页
Noise and Vibration Control
关键词
声学
整车噪声衰减量
消声室
混响室
主观评价
相关性分析
acoustics
vehicle noise reduction level
anechoic room
reverberation room
subjective evaluation
correlation analysis
