摘要
公共性是人类社会政治共同体得以存在的重要特质,中西皆然。但它们所凸显公共性之具体进路,则因应各自文化习性的差异而表现不同。西方现代公共性言说主要建基于权利哲学之上;而宋明理学家之王道公共性思想型塑则诉诸宇宙本体论之上的德性论述与责任伦理意识。宋明理学虽偏于理气心性之形上思辨建构,但却隐藏着独特的公共性关切--重塑儒家王道公共性。本文以朱熹、王阳明与黄道周等宋明理学家为例,在他们诸多理学命题中,可发见王道公共性意涵所蕴含的三个不同维度:一、外在“天理”作为一种王道公共性之存在;二、内在“良知”作为建构社会政治秩序之公共性指向;三、“回归经学”作为统合内外,重建王道公共性之进路。而如上公共性意涵皆在中国独特的“天人合一”思维中得以呈现。此外,重构宋明理学中的王道公共性意涵亦具有重要的当代价值:一、承继儒家致力于王道政治理想之经世精神,重思宋明理学“由内圣开外王”之逻辑进路的合理性;二、弘扬儒家基于德性观念而来的责任伦理意识;三、超越现代民族国家的偏狭性,重建儒家对于人类作为一个整体性存在所具有的普遍性关怀。
Publicity is an important characteristic of the existence of human social and political community,both in China and the west.However,the specific approaches used to highlight the publicity are different in accordance with the differences in their respective cultural norms.In western modern society,the discourse of publicity is mainly based on the philosophy of rights.However,the Song and Ming Confucianists’philosophical shaping of publicity appealed to the discussion of morality and ethical consciousness of responsibility on the basis of the cosmic ontology.Although the neo-confucianism of Song and Ming dynasty focuses on the metaphysical construction of“Li Qi”and“Xin Xing”,it conceals a unique public concern--reshaping the Confucian publicity nature.In this article,Zhu xi,Wang Yangming,Huang Daozhou,and other Song and Ming Confucianists were taken as examples.Among their many neo-confucian propositions,three different dimensions implied by the public nature of the Wang Dao can be found.First of all,the external“Tian Li”exists as a kind of the publicity of Wang Dao.Secondly,the internal“conscience”functions as the public direction of constructing the social and political order.Third,“return to Confucian classics”as a medium to integrate the internal and external,reconstructs the road of publicity.All the above public meanings are presented in the unique thinking of“the unity of Tian and Ren”in China.In addition,it is of great contemporary value to reconstruct the public nature of Wang Dao in the neo-confucianism of song and Ming dynasties.Firstly,inherit the Confucian spirit of dedication to the political ideals of the Wang Dao,and rethink the rationality of the logical approach of the Song and Ming Confucianism“from the inner sageliness to the outer kingliness”.Secondly,carry forward the ethical awareness of responsibility of Confucianism based on the concept of virtue.Third,transcend the insularity of the modern nations and reconstruct the universal care of Confucianism for human b
作者
杨肇中
YANG Zhao-zhong(Institute of Chinese Ideological and Cultural History,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《江南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2020年第2期53-63,共11页
Journal of Jiangnan University：Humanities & Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(批准号:16BKS123)的阶段性成果。
关键词
宋明理学
朱熹
王阳明
黄道周
王道公共性
经世精神
责任伦理
普遍性关怀
Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism
Zhu Xi
Wang Yangming
Huang Daozhou
Publicity of Wang Dao
Spirit of Administer Affair
Ethics of Responsibility
Universal Care
