摘要
【目的】探讨宁夏地区2008—2017年作物生产水足迹及其变化趋势为调整宁夏地区农业用水结构以改善水资源短缺问题提供理论依据。【方法】基于水足迹理论,本文利用气象和农业有关数据,对宁夏回族自治区2008—2017年主要农作物的生产水足迹进行了量化处理,并结合气象因素与作物产量,对其进行了时空分布及变化趋势分析。【结果】①宁夏地区10年研究期间各作物的生产水足迹总体上呈减小趋势,在5种主要农作物中,大豆的平均综合生产水足迹最大,为4.51 m^3/kg,玉米的平均综合生产水足迹最小,为0.91 m3/kg;②各作物蓝绿水足迹比例最高的是稻谷,为5∶1,最低的是大豆,为1.4∶1;③10年研究期各地区综合作物生产水足迹大小排序为:吴忠市(15.58m^3/kg)>中卫市(13.71m^3/kg)>石嘴山市(12.77m^3/kg)>银川市(9.46m^3/kg)>固原市(8.21m^3/kg);④各地区蓝绿水足迹比例从南到北依次递增,固原市最小为1.2∶1,石嘴山市最大为5∶1。【结论】在水资源十分缺乏的宁夏地区,需根据各作物耗水规律适当调整种植结构、灌溉模式等减少农业用水量以缓解水资源短缺问题。
【Background】There has been intensive study on how to alleviate pressure on water resources and improve water use efficiency amid the increased dwindling water resources.Agricultural usage accounts for a largest proportion of water consumption in many countries.China is a large agricultural country with extremely scarce water resources.Available data showed that agricultural production consumed 60%of total water it uses and water shortage is the limited factor of agricultural production in the recent years.Improving agricultural water use efficiency has thus become a critical issue in developing sustainable economy in China.Water footprint is an active area in water resources management and has made great progress in both theory and application over the past two decades since its inception.【Objective】The primary purpose of this paper is to apply the water footprint to Ningxia,an arid region located in northwestern China,with most of its limited water resource used by agriculture.Current water resources research in Ningxia focused on evaluation and analysis of the overall water footprint and in recent years,there has been an increase in study on water footprints of crops and their spatiotemporal variation.【Method】Meteorological and agricultural data measured from 2008 to 2017 were used to quantify the water footprint of main crops in Ningxia,and we combined the meteorological factors and crop yields to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of the water footprints.【Result】①The water footprint of each crop in Ningxia had been in decline over the ten-year period.The average water footprint of soybean was the highest at 4.51 m^3/kg,while the average water footprint of wheat was the lowest at 0.91 m^3/kg.②The highest proportion of blue-green water footprint of crop was of rice at 5:1,and the lowest was soybean at 1.4:1.③During the ten-year period,the water footprint of comprehensive production of all crops in different regions was ranked in WuZhong(15.58 m^3/kg)>Zhongwei(13.71 m^3/kg)>Shizuishan(
作者
高海燕
李王成
李晨
董亚萍
郝璐
马己安
刘子西
李于坤
GAO Haiyan;LI Wangcheng;LI Chen;DONG Yaping;HAO Lu;MA Ji’an;LIU Zixi;LI Yukun(Department of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation and Control Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China;Research Center of Modern Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Area,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期110-118,共9页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51569022,51869023)
宁夏自治区一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2017A03)。
关键词
生产水足迹
绿水足迹
蓝水足迹
主要农作物
宁夏
water footprint
green water footprint
blue water footprint
main crops
Ningxia
