摘要
冰冻圈与人类社会(人类圈)息息相关,随着全球变暖和冰冻圈普遍退缩,冰冻圈对人类社会的致利和致灾效应均在发生深刻的变化:一方面,冰冻圈灾害以频发的极端事件加剧呈现;另一方面,冰冻圈服务能力整体将不断减弱乃至丧失。文章在介绍冰冻圈核心区及其主要影响区域的人文社会特征基础上,对冰冻圈功能与服务及其价值理论进行论述,并以全球高山“水塔”的重要性和极地系统变化为例阐述冰冻圈功能和服务变化及其影响,最后进一步讨论了提升冰冻圈影响区社会生态-系统恢复力的路径。
The cryosphere is closely related to human society.As a result of climate warming and corresponding cryosphere shrinkage,the cryosphere functions(CFs)and their associated services and hazards are undergoing profound changes.On the one hand,the cryosphere hazards become more and more frequent with heavily extreme events;on the other hand,the overall cryospheric service(CS)capacity has been deteriorating and would continue or be eventually lost.This article introduced the concepts of CFs,CSs,and their value on the basis of summarizing the human and social characteristics of the cryosphere and its affected areas.Then,taking the importance of world’s“water towers”and changes in polar systems as examples,we illustrated the changes in CSs and their impact.Finally,the resilient pathway of cryosphere-affected socio-ecological systems was further discussed.
作者
效存德
王晓明
苏勃
XIAO Cunde;WANG Xiaoming;SU Bo(State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《中国科学院院刊》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期504-513,共10页
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(41671058、41690145、41690141)。
关键词
冰冻圈人文社会学
冰冻圈功能
冰冻圈服务
全球水塔
极地系统
服务价值
恢复力
cryospheric human-sociology
cryospheric functions
cryospheric services
water tower
polar system
service valuation
resilience
