摘要
建筑设计必须考虑太阳辐射在建筑立面上的热作用,但气象台站仅观测水平面辐射数据,垂直面上的太阳辐射资料稀缺。为提出一种依据水平面辐射观测数据来计算垂直面散射辐射的方法,该文研究并建立辐射观测站,并进行长期辐射观测,积累了一定量的辐射数据。通过对垂直面上散射辐射主要影响因素的分析,提出基于晴空指数Kt和直射辐射与垂直面法线方向夹角φ的垂直面散射辐射计算方法。利用观测数据确定公式中的计算系数,并将该文研究提出的计算方法与国内外的5种太阳散射辐射计算模型进行比较分析。结果表明:1)该文提出的计算方法所需计算参数仅依据国内常规辐射观测数据即可。2)该方法能够实现对不同朝向垂直面散射辐射的计算。3)与国内外常用计算模型相比,该方法在不同天空晴朗度、不同朝向上整体精度更高。研究认为该文方法与国内气象部门的辐射观测数据相匹配,所需计算参数少、精度高、简单易用,可为建筑能耗计算和热环境分析提供新的垂直面散射辐射计算方法。
The thermal effect of solar radiation on the facade must be taken into account in building design.However,meteorological stations only observe the solar radiation data on the horizontal surface without on the vertical surface.In order to put forward a method of calculating vertical diffuse solar radiation based on observation data of horizontal,a radiation observation station was built and long-term radiation observation was carried out,and a certain amount of radiation data was accumulated.Based on the analysis of the main influencing factors of diffuse solar radiation on vertical surface,the calculation method of diffuse solar radiation on vertical surface based on the clearness index(Kt)and the angle between the direct normal solar radiation and the normal direction of the building surface(φ)is put forward.The coefficients in the formula are determined by observation data,and the calculation methods proposed by this study are compared with other 5 models both at home and abroad.The results show that:1)The calculation method proposed in this study only depends on the conventional radiation observation data.2)The method can be used to calculate the diffuse solar radiation on different vertical surfaces.3)Compared with the other models,the proposed method has higher overall accuracy in different sky brightness and different orientations.The research results show that the new method matches the radiation observation data of the domestic meteorological stations,and requires less calculation parameters,high precision and easy to use.It can provide a new method to calculate diffuse solar radiation on vertical surface for building energy simulation and thermal environment analysis.
作者
董宏
王怡
刘加平
Dong Hong;Wang Yi;Liu Jiaping(School of Building Services Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《太阳能学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期1-6,共6页
Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51578521)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51238010)。
关键词
散射辐射
能耗模拟
热环境分析
垂直面
模型
diffuse solar radiation
energy simulation
thermal environment analysis
vertical surface
model
