摘要
为明确稠油致黏机理,提高稠油采收率,选取塔河、胜利、辽河油田3种不同稠油研究黏度等性质,通过测定油品黏度及组分分散状态,确定稠油的致黏关键组分是沥青质;通过分析油品及沥青质的金属元素和非金属元素含量,核磁共振波谱分析分子间的相互作用力,扫描电镜分析沥青质微观形态。结果表明:稠油中金属元素、非金属元素主要集中在沥青质中;稠油黏度随沥青质芳香性增加而增大,但不严格线性相关;沥青质基本结构单元为片层结构,片层厚度与黏度密切相关,层间距越小,原油黏度越大。可见,稠油中沥青质的含量、结构对稠油黏度具有重要影响。明确致黏关键因素沥青质的片层结构、层间距与稠油黏度的关系,有助于提高对沥青质结构的深入认识,为探索稠油高效降黏与开发提供新思路。
In order to clarify the viscosity mechanism of heavy oil,three different crude oils from Tahe,Shengli and Liaohe oilfields were selected to study viscosity.Asphaltene was found as the viscous key components in heavy crude oil by comparing the relationship between viscosity and dispersion state of component.Then the content of metallic and metalloid elements in crude and asphaltene was analyzed.Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR)was used to analyze the interaction force between molecules,and scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to analyze the micro-morphology of asphaltene.Results show that metal and non-metallic elements of heavy oil are mainly concentrated in asphaltene.Viscosity of heavy oil increases with the increase of aromaticity of asphaltene but not strictly with linear correlation.The basic structural unit of asphaltene is lamellar structure and the thickness of asphaltene lamellar layer is closely related to viscosity.It shows that a higher viscosity of heavy oil is obtained with smaller thickness of the asphaltene layers.It is concluded that the content and structure of asphaltene have an important influence on the viscosity of heavy oil.It is clear that the relationship among the microstructure of the asphaltenes,the interlayer spacing and the viscosity of the heavy oil provides a new idea and theoretical basis for viscosity reduction and development of heavy oil with high efficiency.
作者
邢钰
吴艳华
郭继香
刘磊
程仲富
曹畅
赵丽莎
XING Yu;WU Yan-hua;GUO Ji-xiang;LIU Lei;CHENG Zhong-fu;CAO Chang;ZHAO Li-sha(Engineering Technology Research Institute of Northwest Oilfield Branch of China Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.,Wulumuqi 830001,China;Institute of Unconventional Petroleum Science and Technology,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102200,China;Key Laboratory for EOR in Fracture-Cavity Reservoirs of Sinopec,Wulumuqi 830001,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2020年第5期1833-1838,共6页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
“十三五”国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05014-005-009)
国家自然科学基金(51674274)。
关键词
稠油
关键因素
沥青质
微观结构
致黏机理
heavy oil
influence factors
asphaltene
microstructure
viscous mechanism
