摘要
目的了解三明市梅列区1~29岁人群乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的流行特征,评价乙肝疫苗接种效果,为完善乙肝防制策略提供依据。方法采用分层二阶段整群随机抽样法抽取1~29岁人群常住人口,开展现场流行病学调查,并采集血标本进行HBV血清学指标检测。结果共调查222人,HBV感染率为7.66%、HBsAg阳性率为1.35%、抗-HBs阳性率为72.97%、抗-HBc阳性率为7.66%;低年龄组比高年龄组抗-HBs阳性率高,1~14岁为77.22%,15~29岁为62.50%(P<0.05);低年龄组比高年龄组HBV感染率低,1~14岁为1.27%,15~29岁为23.43%(P<0.01)。HBV感染分布无性别差异(P>0.05)。HBV感染主要分布的职业类别为公共场所服务、个体和家务,占HBV感染总人数的66.67%。有接种史比无接种史的人群HBV感染率更低,乙肝疫苗保护率达到96.21%。结论梅列区1~14岁人群HBsAg阳性率已控制在较低水平,但15~29岁人群HBsAg阳性率仍然较高。
Objective To investigate sero-epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus(HBV)among people aged 1-29 in Meilie district of Sanming city and evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccination,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control measures of hepatitis B.Methods Permanent residents aged 1-29 were selected by stratified two-stage cluster random sampling to conduct an on-site epidemiological survey.Blood samples were collected from these subjects to detect their HBV markers.Results Among 222 selected subjects,7.66%were infected with HBV,with the prevalence of HBsAg,HBV surface antibody,and HBV core antibody as 1.35%,72.97%and7.66%,respectively.The positive rate of HBsAb in the low age group was higher than that in the higher age group,of which,the positive rate of HBsAb of those aged 1-14 was 77.22%,and those aged 15-29 was 62.50%(P<0.05).HBV infection rate in the younger age group was lower than that in the older age group,of which,the HBV infection rate of those aged 1-14 was 1.27%,and those aged 15-29 years old was 23.43%(P<0.01).There was no statistical difference in HBV infection by gender(P>0.05).The majority HBV-infected people were people who worked in public service,self-employed or staying-at-home,accounting for 66.67%of all HBV infection.People who were vaccinated had a lower rate of HBV infection than those who were not,with the protection rate of Hepatitis B vaccine as 96.21%.Conclusion The HBsAg positive rate is low among people aged 1-14 in Meilie district,but that of HBsAg is still high among people aged 15-29.
作者
罗兴尧
郑丽滨
郑捷琳
吴享华
LUO Xing-yao;ZHENG Li-bin;ZHENG Jie-lin;WU Xiang-hua(Sanming City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sanming,Fujian,365000,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2020年第1期55-57,共3页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
