摘要
长江属于大河水系,生物多样性丰富,其健康状态不仅影响流域经济社会可持续发展,也受到国内外广泛关注。综合国内外河流健康评估理论和实践,讨论适合长江特点的健康评估方法和标准;通过水功能区达标率和鱼类多样性2个指标分析长江水环境和水生态近10多年来的变化情况;最后,总结近几年长江大保护系列行动后长江健康进展情况。分析结果表明:长江健康评估可以根据管理需要划分不同时空尺度;根据资料完整性可以采用单指标或者多指标综合评价方法;随着长江系列保护行动的实施,长江河流型水质持续改善,湖库水质和生物多样性开始稳定,人类过度干扰江湖现象得到遏制,但湖库水质改善和生物多样性恢复还需要长期进行。
Yangtze River is a large river system and is rich in biodiversity.Its health status not only affects the sustainable development of the basin economy and society,but also receives wide concerns from both China and abroad.In this paper,the theories and practices of river health assessment in China and abroad are reviewed,and on this basis,the methods and standards of river health assessment suitable for the Yangtze River are discussed.The change of water environment and water ecology of the Yangtze River in the recent decade are analyzed in terms of two indexes:standard-reaching rate of water functional zone,and fish diversity.Last but not the least,the health progress of the Yangtze River after a series of great protection actions in recent years is summarized.The health assessment of the Yangtze River can be divided into different spatial and temporal scales according to management needs.Single index assessment or multi-index comprehensive assessment can be performed according to the integrity of data.The water quality of the Yangtze River has been improved continuously;the water quality in lakes and reservoirs and the biodiversity in rivers and lakes have begun to stabilize;the excessive disturbance on rivers and lakes by human beings has been restrained.Nevertheless,the improvement of water quality in lakes and reservoirs and the restoration of biodiversity still need to be carried out for a long time.
作者
陈进
CHEN Jin(Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Science,Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)
出处
《长江科学院院报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期1-6,20,共7页
Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目(41890820)。
关键词
长江大保护
河流健康评估
水功能区达标率
鱼类多样性
时空尺度
水生态环境
great protection of the Yangtze River
river health assessment
standard-reaching rate of water functional zone
diversity of fishes
spatio-temporal scale
water ecological environment
