摘要
重金属固废的综合利用价值较高,但是当前综合利用技术多处于实验室水平,工业可行性较低;参考矿物加工领域的"硫化-浮选"工艺,重金属的硫化技术成为该工艺研究的重点。在介绍了表面硫化技术、机械硫化技术、水热硫化技术、硫化沉淀技术和硫化焙烧技术及其在天然矿物方面应用的基础上,总结硫化技术在重金属固废(废渣、飞灰和污泥为主)综合利用方面的适用性和研究进展;进一步讨论五种硫化技术在重金属固废综合利用方面的优缺点,指出针对不同理化性质的固废应选择不同的硫化技术;最后得出硫化技术的发展方向为明确硫化物的晶体和表面性质等与可浮性之间的关系,明确硫化率的影响因素,掌握硫化物晶体结构和表面性质的调控技术。
The comprehensive utilization value of heavy metal solid waste is relatively high,but the industrialization feasibility of comprehensive utilization technologies developed in laboratory is relatively low.Referring to the"sulfidation-flotation"process in the mineral processing,the sulfidation technology of heavy metals is the key of this process research.Based on the introduction of surface sulfidation,mechanical sulfidation,hydrothermal sulfidation,sulfidation precipitation,sulfidation roasting technology and their application in natural minerals,this paper summaries the applicability and research status of the five sulfidation technologies in the comprehensive utilization of heavy metal solid waste(mainly including waste residue,fly ash and plating sludge).Further,the article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the five sulfidation technologies,and points out that different sulfidation technologies should be selected for solid waste with different physical and chemical properties;Finally,the article concludes that the development direction of sulfidation technology is to clarify the relationship between the sulfide properties and floatability,determine the influencing factors of sulfidation rate,and master the control technology of sulfide crystal structure and surface properties.
作者
贺壮志
何晓娟
陈志强
刘勇
饶金山
吕昊子
HE Zhuangzhi;HE Xiaojuan;CHEN Zhiqiang;LIU Yong;RAO Jinshan;LYU Haozi(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Guangdong Institute of Resource Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510650,China;State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510650,China;Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mineral Resource and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510650,China)
出处
《有色金属工程》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第3期77-85,共9页
Nonferrous Metals Engineering
基金
广东省公益研究与能力建设专项(2017A070702011,2017A070701020)
广东省科学院创新能力建设专项(2017GDASCX-0109)
广东省协同创新与平台环境建设专项(2017B090904035)。
关键词
固体废弃物
重金属
综合利用
硫化技术
solid waste
heavy metal resources
comprehensive utilization
sulfidation technology
