摘要
为了满足多旋翼植保无人机悬停、定速飞行2种作业模式下近地遥感的需求,该文设计了一套液晶光谱成像装置。首先,通过硬件、软件开发,实现了装置采集模块、控制模块和通信模块3部分的协同工作。其中,采集模块由16位CCD灰度相机、消色差镜头、液晶可调滤光器以及UV镜组成,控制模块由微电脑处理器和USB连接器组成,通信模块由数传、北斗定位系统和地面工作站组成。由5V3A电源供电。开发相应软件实现各硬件模块之间的协同控制,以及数据处理的功能。数据处理功能既可用于拍摄前装置的参数调节,又可单独用于光谱图像分析。基于本装置的数据采集方法,实现了光谱图像采集与旋翼无人机2种飞行模式的匹配。通过室内模拟飞行试验和田间试验,对装置性能进行测试。结果显示装置可获得清晰的光谱图像,光谱范围400~720 nm,光谱间隔最高可达到2 nm,空间分辨率1392×1040,且光谱连续平滑、特征稳定可靠。本装置基于面阵分光原理,采用密接耦合光路设计、核心器件同步触发技术,结构紧凑、抗震性好、稳定度高,适合植保作业,有望应用于精准农药喷施、作物处方图生成等多个领域。
There are two kinds of operation mode of plant protect multi-rotor UAV,hover and fixed-speed flight,so corresponding working modes of spectral remote are needed.However,general-purpose remote sensing equipment couldn’t satisfy the needs.A set of liquid crystal spectral imaging device was designed to meet the requirements of low-altitude spectral remote of multi-rotor UAV based on the principle of two-dimensional optical splitting.Firstly,the hardware and the software of the device were developed to realize the synchronization of three modules:the acquisition module,the control module and the communication module.The acquisition module consists of a16-bit CCD grayscale camera,a color aberration lens,a liquid crystal tunable filters(LCTFs),and a UV filter.The control module consists of a microcomputer controller and a USB connector.The communication module consists of a data transmission device,BEIDOU positioning systems,and the ground workstations.The software was developed to control hardware for working synchronously and analyze data.The functions of software were not only for parameter adjustment before formal capturing,but also for spectral images analysis alone and achieving spectral abstraction.Secondly,the data acquisition method based on the principle of device was studied.The relationship between the flight speed,altitude and capturing parameters of the device was established,which guaranteed the quality of spectral images,the possibility of image mosaics,spectral continuity and stability of the captured spectral images.Thirdly,indoor and outdoor experiments were carried out to test the device performance and data acquisition method.The indoor experiment was performed in the wind tunnel laboratory of South China Agricultural University by a stepper motor equipped.Compared with the millimeter-defocus blur spectral images,and the micro motion blur spectral images,the original images taken indoors were 10 and 15 times clearer respectively.Furthermore,image mosaics could be achieved based on feature point a
作者
赵静
龙腾
兰玉彬
龙拥兵
李继宇
Zhao Jing;Long Teng;Lan Yubin;Long Yongbing;Li Jiyu(College of Electronic Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;College of Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期78-85,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0701001)。
关键词
无人机
遥感
高光谱技术
液晶光谱成像装置
unmanned aerial vehicle
remote sensing
hyperspectral technique
liquid crystal spectral imaging device
