摘要
要素流动是影响生产率增长的一个重要原因,两者间的关系可以借助结构变迁效应进行研究和阐释。文章使用Shift-share方法将劳动生产率的增长分解为静态结构变迁效应、动态结构变迁效应和生产率增长效应,实证检验了2000-2016年间中国省际旅游业劳动力要素流动对其生产率增长的影响,并从"结构红利假说"角度阐释产业结构变迁对旅游业发展的作用。研究表明,2000-2016年我国旅游业劳动生产率显著增长,增长的主要原因在于生产率增长效应。现阶段,我国旅游业"结构红利"和"结构负利"并存,需要进一步提升"结构红利"效应,促进中国旅游业劳动要素的合理流动,提升我国旅游业的整体发展潜力。
Factor flow is an important reason for productivity growth, and the relationship between factor flow and productivity growth can be explained by the "The Structural Bonus Hypothesis". The Structural Bonus Hypothesis is that when the factors of production flow from sectors with low labor productivity or slow growth to sectors with higher labor productivity or faster growth, the overall labor productivity of the industry will increase and the industry structure will release "structural bonus", in addition to increased productivity in various sectors, which will promote the development of industry and the level of economy. The core of structural changes is the reconfiguration of various production factors within various industrial sectors.This paper used Shift-share method to empirically test the impact of labor factor mobility on productivity growth between Chinese provincial tourism industry from 2000 to 2016 with data of tourism companies and explain the effect of industrial structural change on tourism development from the perspective of " The Structural Bonus Hypothesis ". Thus, we can effectively measure the internal growth of tourism in the process of dynamic development.We decomposed the growth of labor productivity into the contribution of static structural change effect, the contribution of dynamic structural change effect and the contribution of productivity growth effect through Shift-share method. Firstly, we compared the growth of labor productivity between 2016 and 2000 to explore the change from traditional tourism to new-level tourism.Study shows that the labor productivity of China’s tourism industry increases significantly from 2000 to 2016, and different provinces show varying levels of growth in different years. The main reason for the increase is the productivity growth effect.Then, from the perspective of changes in industrial structure, we find that the static structural change effect in the country is positive, showing the "structural bonus", which means tourism labor factors shift from a
作者
杨勇
熊丹丹
YANG Yong;XIONG Dandan(Business School,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)
出处
《旅游论坛》
2020年第1期45-56,共12页
Tourism Forum
