摘要
在过去的30余年,全球范围内关于雷暴相关严重哮喘发作事件的报道逐年增加,主要集中于澳大利亚、英国。这种因天气因素导致的哮喘发作或加重多发生于花粉季节,认为与花粉或霉菌过敏有关。雷暴哮喘发生机制可能是花粉颗粒在雷暴天气时溶胀、崩解释放大量具有变应原性的碎片,使空气中变应原浓度短时间内明显升高,气道高反应个体暴露后出现哮喘症状。花粉或霉菌导致的过敏性鼻炎、哮喘患者是雷暴哮喘的高危人群。了解雷暴哮喘有助于对其预防,并降低其对患者生命健康及公共卫生服务的危害。
In the past three decades,reports of outbreak of severe asthma related to thunderstorm increased with years in the worldwide,mainly in Australia and the United Kingdom.The onset or aggravation of asthma was induced by climate factor,which occurred in pollen season and was thought to be associated with pollen or fungi allergy.The hypothesis of pathogenesis of thunderstorm asthma is pollen grains rupture due to osmotic shock and releasing of decries with high allergenicity into the air,which result in the dramatic increase of allergen concentration in the atmosphere in very short time.Individuals with airway hyperresponsiveness develop asthma after exposure to the high level of aeroallergen.High risk population of thunderstorm asthma is allergic rhinitis and asthma patients with pollen or fungi allergy.The knowledge will be helpful to prevent the outbreak of thunderstorm asthma and to minimize its impact on patients and public health service.
作者
徐迎阳
李丽莎
关凯
XU Ying-yang;LI Li-sha;GUAN Kai(Department of Allergy,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases(NCRC-DID),Beijing 100730,China)
出处
《中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志》
2020年第1期67-70,共4页
Chinese Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology
关键词
过敏性鼻炎
过敏性哮喘
雷暴哮喘
气象改变
allergic rhinitis
allergic asthma
thunderstorm asthma
climate change
