摘要
二战后,日本经济凋零,粮食短缺问题严重,国民生计惨淡,社会矛盾丛生。为了解决这些问题,美国占领当局分别从外部和内部开展粮食援助和粮食强征。这一系列政策在实现美国自身的经济需求与政治目的的同时,也确实对日本的农业与社会步入正常化发挥了重要作用,为之后日本的经济腾飞奠定了坚实基础。战后初期的粮食政策连同日本经济复苏后美国长期实施的粮食倾销,共同构成了二战后美国对日粮食战略的主要内容。美国的粮食战略缓解了战后初期日本严重的粮食危机,部分解决了美国国内的粮食过剩问题,改变了日本人的饮食结构与饮食习惯,挤压了该国粮食的生存能力和发展空间,影响了日本的粮食安全乃至政治、经济主权与独立发展进程,也加剧了美日间的贸易摩擦。
After the Second World War,the Japanese economy withered,the food shortages became serious,the people's livelihoods were bleak,and the social conflicts continued to grow.In order to solve these problems,General Headquarters of the U.S.carried out food aid and compulsory levy from both the outside and the inside respectively.This series of policies substantially played an important role in the normalization of Japan's agriculture and society while realizing the economic needs and political goals of the U.S itself,laying a solid foundation for Japan's economic development in the future.The post-war food policy and the long-term American food dumps imposed on Japan after the Japanese economic recovery jointly constituted the main content of the U.S.food strategy for Japan after the Second World War.The American food strategy eased the severe food crisis in Japan in the early post-war period,partially solved the problem of food surplus in the U.S.,changed the diet structure and diet habits of the Japanese people,pressed Japan's food viability and development space,and affected Japan's food security,even its political and economic sovereignty,and independent development process.Moreover,this also exacerbated the trade frictions between the U.S.and Japan.
出处
《世界历史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期88-107,I0005,共21页
World History
基金
中央高校基本科研业务项目“一带一路框架下的中国海外农业投资研究”(项目编号:63192207)的阶段性成果。
