摘要
在市场化和城镇化的双重背景下,农村社会结构已然发生变迁,家庭结构也伴随着城镇化的家庭发展目标发生了城乡分离,因此,传统的家庭养老模式难以为继,农村养老成为新的时代议题。在当下的农村社会中,老人农业与新农保已经极大地解决了农村老人的基本生存问题,但老人的生活照料与精神慰藉需求依然难以得到满足,这就促生了当前农村养老问题的硬核。通过对中部G村老年人协会的实地调研发现,该协会可以通过老人自我管理、自我服务等组织形式来实现村庄内部资源的整合与动员,以制度输入、资源供给、老年精英引导为机制,来达成老人生活照料和精神慰藉双重养老需求的低成本解决。基于对老年人协会运转逻辑的深入挖掘,认为在养老资源相对匮乏的情景下,乡村场域仍具备人力资源和社会性基础来满足村庄内部养老的自我供给,所以,外部资源的供给并非是决定性要素,如何将村庄内部资源进行合理组织与配置才是关键。而外部资源输入和制度嵌入作为组织动力可以很好地激活已有的内部资源并保障其顺利运转,从而形塑以村庄为单位的“老有所养”“老有所乐”和“老有所为”。基于此,在农村社会可普遍建立养老自组织,撬动农村内部资源,从而低成本、高效率地解决农村养老问题。
Under the dual background of marketization and urbanization,the rural social structure has changed,and the family structure has separated the urban and rural areas along with the family development goal of urbanization.Therefore,the traditional family pension mode is unsustainable,and rural pension has become a new topic of the times.In the current rural society,agriculture for the elderly and the new rural insurance have greatly solved the basic survival problems of the rural elderly,but it is still difficult to meet the needs of life care and spiritual comfort for the elderly,which has given rise to the core of the current rural pension problem.The field survey of G Village in the central China found that the association can be achieved by the elderly self-management,self-service,and other forms of organization,to realize the village internal resources integration and mobilization and to achieve the low cost solution to the elderly life care and spiritual consolation dual needs through system input,resource supply,old elite guide for mechanism.Based on the operation of the logic to dig deeper into the elderly association,it is believed that under the situation of resources limited,rural field still has the human and social basis to meet the self-supply of village inside endowment,so,the supply of external resources is not a decisive factor,and how to manage the reasonable organization and village internal resources allocation is the key.The input of external resources and system embedding as the organizational power can well activate the existing internal resources and ensure their smooth operation,thus shaping the village-based elderly-care patterns of“old people can be supported”“old people can enjoy themselves”and“old people can do things”.Based on this,self-organization for the aged can be generally established in rural society to leverage the internal resources of rural areas,so as to solve the problem of the aged in rural areas with low cost and high efficiency.
出处
《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期48-58,共11页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴背景下农村‘三治’协同机制研究”(18CZZ037)。
关键词
农村养老
养老需求
养老自组织
老年人协会
Rural Elderly Care
Elderly Care Demand
Self-Organization for Old-Age Care
Elderly Association
