摘要
以当地优质稻南粳5718和糯稻99-25为供试材料,根据试验地土壤养分状况,采取减氮增磷增钾的措施,即在基肥中减少氮肥,增加磷钾肥,并在追肥中降低氮肥投入,来研究测土配方施肥技术对当地水稻增产的途径和方法。结果表明,测土配方施肥技术能够通过促进水稻分蘖,提高成穗数,其中南粳5718高峰苗较常规施肥处理增加8.02%,有效茎蘖数增加5.26%,穗数增加4.89%;糯稻99-25高峰苗较常规施肥处理增加10.12%,有效茎蘖数增加4.32%,穗数增加2.34%。测土配方施肥可以提高抽穗期的叶面积指数(增幅19.47%),强化水稻的光合能力。在不影响穗粒数和结实率的情况下,测土配方施肥可以增加水稻千粒质量,从而最终提高产量。
Using the rice cultivar Nanjing 5718 and the glutinous rice cultivar 99-25 as experimental materials, this study investigated the effects of soil testing and formulated fertilization technology on rice yield in Sheyang area, Jiangsu Province. According to the soil nutrient status of the test site, we reduced the nitrogen application rate but increased application rates of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, which was achieved mainly by reducing the nitrogen fertilizer application rate and increasing application rates of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in base fertilizers, and also reducing the nitrogen fertilizer application rate in the top dressing. The results showed that application of the soil testing and formulated fertilization technology in this area produced beneficial effects on rice growth and yield as follows. First, it improved panicle number by increasing tiller number as compared with conventional fertilization treatment;for Nanjing 5718, the peak seedling number per 667 m^2 increased by 8.02%, the effective tiller number per 667 m^2 rose by5.26%, and the panicle number per 667 m^2 rose by 4.89%;for the glutinous rice cultivar 99-25, the peak seedling number per 667 m^2 rose by 10.12%, the effective tiller number per 667 m^2 increased by 4.32%, and the panicle number per 667 m^2 increased by 2.34%.Second, the formulated fertilization technology enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of rice via improving the leaf area index by19.47% at the heading stage. Third, for both cultivars, the formulated fertilization elevated the average weight of 1 000 grains without affecting grain number per ear and seed setting rate and thus finally increased the yields. This study provides a reference for promoting the technology of soil testing and formulated fertilization.
作者
罗刚
孙明亮
薛城洋
徐曙
陈开平
卢丽娟
LUO Gang;SUN Ming-liang;XUE Cheng-yang;XU Shu;CHEN Kai-ping;LU Li-juan(Xinyang Branch of Jiangsu Provincial Reclamation Agricultural Development Co.,LTD.,Sheyang 224314,China)
出处
《大麦与谷类科学》
2020年第1期34-38,共5页
Barley and Cereal Sciences
关键词
测土配方
减氮
分蘖
光合能力
Soil testing and formulated fertilization
Nitrogen reduction
Tiller
Photosynthetic capacity
