摘要
为了解渭河流域水体重金属污染现状及健康危害风险,沿渭河干流采集浅层地下水和地表水水样,采用单因子指数法和美国环境保护署(USEPA)健康风险评价模型揭示了水体中重金属Cd污染现状和健康风险。结果表明:2018年渭河干流地下水和地表水中Cd浓度分别为426.40~1104.27 ng·L^-1和224.70~1154.12 ng·L^-1;参照《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848-2017)和《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)得知,地下水和地表水中Cd浓度均在GB/T 14848—2017和GB 3838-2002Ⅰ~Ⅲ类标准限值内;水体中Cd浓度表现出明显的空间分异性,沿河流流向均表现为逐渐增加的趋势;地下水与地表水中Cd浓度高值区相一致,即集中分布于陕西省兴平市和渭南市临渭区;由水体中Cd浓度单因子指数评价结果可知,渭河干流水体中Cd污染属于清洁水平;沿河流流向,渭河中游和下游水体中Cd浓度单因子污染指数远高于上游;水体中重金属Cd对成人和儿童产生的致癌风险分别为(1.48~2.05)×10^-4和(1.84~2.55)×10^-4,说明水体中Cd对人体可能会产生一定的健康风险。
In order to understand the current status of heavy metal pollution and health risk of water in Weihe river,the samples of shallow groundwater and surface water were collected,and the single factor index and USEPA health risk assessment model were used to reveal the current status and health risk of heavy metal Cd pollution of water in main stream of Weihe river.The results show that Cd concentrations of groundwater and surface water in main stream of Weihe river in 2018 are 426.40-1104.27 ng·L^-1 and 224.70-1154.12 ng·L^-1,respectively;according to Standard for Groundwater Quality(GB/T 14848-2017)and Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002),the Cd concentrations of groundwater and surface water are within the limits of classes Ⅰ-Ⅲ;the Cd concentrations show obvious spatial differentiation,and a gradual increase along the river flow direction;the high value areas of Cd concentrations in groundwater are consistent with that in surface water,which are Xingping city and Linwei district of Weinan city,Shaanxi province;according to the evaluation results of Cd concentrations based on single factor index,the Cd pollution is close to the clean level;along the river flow direction,the single factor index of Cd pollution in the middle and lower part of Weihe river is much higher than that in the upper part of Weihe river;the carcinogenic risk values of heavy metal Cd to adults and children are(1.48-2.05)×10^-4 and(1.84-2.55)×10^-4,respectively,so that Cd in water maybe have health risk for human.
作者
赵玉
ZHAO Yu(College of Environment and Life Sciences,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714099,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory for Ecology and Environment of River Wetlands in Shaanxi Province,Weinan 714099,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《地球科学与环境学报》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第2期267-277,共11页
Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41171061)
陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目(18JS037)
陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(20180705)
渭南师范学院博士科研启动基金项目(18ZRRC04)。
关键词
Cd
重金属
地下水
地表水
空间分布
污染水平
健康风险
渭河
Cd
heavy metal
groundwater
surface water
spatial distribution
pollution level
health risk
Weihe river
