摘要
"因材施教"是我国学校教育教学的一个重要原则,但这一原则由于误用而出现教育公平与效率的双重困境。熊川武教授创立的"自分教学"是教师根据学生在课堂上完成具体学习任务的情况采用"普读"与"补读"相结合及课外档案跟踪的方式因人分配学习任务的一种教学形态。"自分教学"主张"分材"的自然性而非人为性,主张把学生面对具体教学问题时的表现作为施教的基础,主张因材施教的即时的动态性,同时主张抓牢学生的问题,使课堂中不彻底的"分材"教学真正走向彻底。自分教学的有效性取决于教学文化的理解性、教学展开的机智性、教学方法运用的灵活性及教学管理的个性化。归根结底,教师要将强德富智作为自己的职业追求。
"Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude"is an important principle of school education and teaching in China,but this principle faces dual dilemma of education unfairness and inefficiency due to misuse. First proposed by Professor Xiong Chuanwu,"Natural Division Teaching"is a kind of teaching that teachers assign learning tasks according to the situation that students complete specific learning tasks in the classroom by combining "general reading "and "supplementary reading "and extracurricular files tracking."Natural Division Teaching"advocates the naturalness of"dividing"rather than that of artificiality. It considers the performance of students in the face of specific teaching problems as the basis of teaching,advocating the immediate dynamics of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude,and at the same time,advocating keeping keen eyes on students’ problems,so as to truly realize the concept of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. The effectiveness of natural division teaching depends on the comprehension of teaching culture,the tactility of teaching development,the flexibility of teaching methods and the individualization of teaching management. In a word,teachers should take strong morality and wisdom as their professional pursuit.
作者
周险峰
张园园
吴泽峰
熊川武
ZHOU Xianfeng;ZHANG Yuanyuan;WU Zefeng;XIONG Chuanwu(School of Education,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;No.9 Primary School of Loudi City,Loudi 417000,China;Department of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《当代教育理论与实践》
2020年第1期22-29,共8页
Theory and Practice of Contemporary Education
关键词
因材施教
分层教学
自分教学
teaching students in accordance with their aptitude
hierarchical teaching
Natural Division Teaching
