摘要
滴谱分布能够在一定程度上反映降水云成雨的过程,江河源区降水对生态和径流补给有着重要影响,为研究高海拔的三江源地区降雪微物理特征,利用OTT Parsivel激光粒子谱仪实测的降雪滴谱数据,采用最小二乘法对平均雪滴谱进行Gamma分布和M-P分布拟合,分析降雪滴谱特征和降雪过程微物理特征量降雪强度、粒子数、平均粒径随时间的演变规律,结果表明:(1)该地区降雪滴谱分布更接近于Gamma分布;(2)速度小于2 m/s的粒子对降水贡献达90%以上;(3)粒子数与降雪强度变化趋势基本一致,平均粒径与降雪强度变化没有显著关系;(4)Z=300R^1.40关系式高估了当地实测值。因此,以上分析可以增加对该地区降水微物理特征的理解,并有助于该地区降水微物理特征的研究。
Raindrop size distribution can reflect the process of precipitation cloud into rain to some extent.The precipitation in the source area of the river has an important influence on ecological and runoff supply.Based on the snow size data by OTT Parsivel disdrometer,M-P distribution and Gamma distribution are analyzed by least squares,analyzing the characteristics of snow size spectra and evolution of microphysical parameters in the high altitude region.The results indicate that:(1)comparing to M-P distribution,Gamma distribution is the better function to describe the raindrop spectrum in this region;(2)the number of particles with snowfall less than 2 m/s contribute more than 90%to precipitation;(3)the number of particles increases with the increase of rain intensity and the average diameter does not follow this trend;(4)the radar reflectivity is overestimated by the equation Z=300R^1.40.Overall,the results will enhance our understanding and studying of microphysical characteristics of precipitation in such regions.
作者
潘佩翀
解宏伟
魏加华
PAN Peichong;XIE Hongwei;WEI Jiahua(School of Water Resources and Electric Power,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《青海大学学报》
2020年第1期81-86,共6页
Journal of Qinghai University
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0403603)
青海省科技计划项目(2017-ZJ-Y01)
国家自然科学基金项目(917472051007943)
关键词
降雪滴谱
平均粒径
降雪微物理特征
Z-R关系
高海拔地区
snow size spectrum
average diameter
microphysical characteristics of precipitation
Z-R relationship
high altitude region
