摘要
欧阳炯《花间集序》所标举“应制《清平乐》词四首”,是李白词作中最可靠的一组作品,其一二两首一直流传至今。李白《菩萨蛮》《忆秦娥》二首,北宋时即已流传,南宋时《景宋咸淳本李太白文集》和黄升《词选》、何士信《草堂诗余》等皆收录。现有的质疑不足以否定其非李白所作,宜尊重宋人的意见。欧阳炯《花间集序》推举“李太白应制《清平乐》词四首”,实际上确立了他在词史上的初祖地位。黄升《词选》另推李白《忆秦娥》《菩萨蛮》二词为“百代词曲之祖”,这是一个重要的转变。后世词家,多祖黄升之论。风格上,李白词兼开豪放和婉约二派;创作机制上,又兼有宫廷应制和自我抒情两种。
The four Ci-poems to the tune of Pure Serene Music(《清平乐》)written upon the Emperor's order,which were cited in the preface to Selected Ci-poems from Among the Flowers(《花间集》)by Ouyang Jiong(欧阳炯),are a group of most reliable works among Li Bai's poems.Two of the four Ci-poems have been circulated until now.Li Bai's Ci-poems to the tune of Buddha-like Barbarian and to the tune of Memories of the Qin Maid were spread during the Northern Song Dynasty,and included in such anthologies as Collected Works of Li Bai,the Edition Printed when Emperor Xianchun was in Reign(《景宋咸淳本李太白文集》),Selected Ci-Poems(《词选》)edited by Huang Sheng(黄升)and Cottage Selected Ci-poems(《草堂诗余》)edited by He Shixin(何士信)during the Southern Song Dynasty.As the existing doubts are not strong enough to deny that they were written by Li Bai,it is advisable for us to respect the opinions of the Song scholars.Ouyang Jiong cited Li Bai's four Ci-poems to the tune of Pure Serene Music in his preface to Selected Ci-poems from Among the Flowers,which actually established Li Bai's status as a pioneer in the Ci-poetic history.It was an important change that Huang Sheng chose Li Bai's poems to the tune of Buddha-like Barbarian and to the tune of Memories of the Qin Maid as“the ancestors of poems”.Most of the Ci-poem critics in the later ages agreed to Huang Sheng's view.Li Bai's Ci-poems presented both a bold and unconstrained style and a graceful style.Li Bai expresses his own emotions at times and also sometimes did his Ci-poem writing upon the Emperor's order in the imperial court.
作者
刘青海
Liu Qinghai(Chinese Culture Research Institute,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期68-79,共12页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
李白词
清平乐
清平调
菩萨蛮
忆秦娥
Li Bai's Ci-poem
Pure Serene Music(清平乐)
A Song of Pure Happiness(清平调)
Buddha-like Barbarian(菩萨蛮)
Memories of the Qin Maid(忆秦娥)
