摘要
物华天宝的江南,自古望族世家群集,文风鼎盛,俊彦辈出。在漫长的历史演进中,江南涌现出大量的著姓巨族,这些家族在繁衍发展过程中世代积淀、敦化成学,逐渐形成了自己特色鲜明的家族文化。这种文化多以"家训"为重要载体和话语形态,取精纳宏,世代相传,在中国传统文化中一枝独秀,其内涵及其传承已成为江南文化的重要特征之一。这些家训的核心观念推崇"修齐治平"和"经世致用"的思想道德体系,主题鲜明,内涵丰富,主要有立德修身济世报国、尚德重教诗礼传家、强调孝悌亲友睦邻、注重教化谨严家规、务实进取勤业齐家、勤俭廉洁丰俭有度、义善天下普惠桑梓等内容。经世代梳理、充实、归纳和提炼,多以文字形式存录于家族谱牒中,作为子孙开蒙明理的必修内容。家训无论在治家睦邻、厚德敦伦方面,还是在教化修身、治学济世方面,都有着极为丰富厚重的内涵,不仅是家族承续不断的人文文化传统,也是博大精深的中华文化有机组成部分,对社会进步、家族绵延、人才养成、世态民风都有深远影响。梳理其形成过程,探讨其内涵精髓,挖掘其当代意义,对构建核心价值观、匡正教育流弊、完善育人机制、推进精神文明建设,都具有启迪意义和借鉴价值。
In the affluent regions south of the Yangtze River,many prominent families,outstanding talents and prosperous styles of literature can be found since the ancient time.In the long historical evolution,a large number of notable clans emerged in this area.In the process of development,these clans have gradually formed their own distinctive family culture."Family precepts",an important carrier and discourse form,extract essence from the grand and pass on from generation to generation,which has unique characteristics in the traditional Chinese culture.Its connotation and inheritance has become one of the most important features of Jiangnan culture.The core concepts of these"family precepts"praise highly the Chinese classic ideological and moral system,such as personal moral cultivation,contribution to the country,education and inheritance of poetry and rites,filial piety and good relationship with relatives,friends and neighbors,compliance with the family rules,pragmatic abilities and enterprising spirits,balance between the abundant and frugal lifestyle,philanthropic responsibilities for the entire society and so on.After generations of sorting,enrichment,induction and refinement,most of them are recorded in the family genealogies in written form,regarded as requirements for future generations.Since the"family precepts"are rich in the above aspects,they are not only the humanistic and cultural traditions of families,but also an important part of profound Chinese culture.Exploration into their formation process,essence and contemporary significance has implications for the construction of core values,the improvement of education mechanism,the rectification of educational malpractice,and the promotion of spiritual civilization.
作者
庄若江
ZHUANG Ruo-jiang(School of Humanities,Jiangnan University,Jiangsu Wuxi 214122)
出处
《江南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2020年第1期61-68,共8页
Journal of Jiangnan University：Humanities & Social Sciences Edition
基金
江南大学自主研究课题“江南望族及其文事研究”(2019JDZD013)
关键词
江南
家族文化
家训
内涵
形式
Jiangnan
Family culture
Family precepts
Connotation
Form
