摘要
利用中国家庭动态跟踪调查2014年数据,并基于马斯洛需求理论将农村公共服务分为农村生活条件、农村医疗设施、农村交通设施、农村生态环境、农村文化设施、农村教育设施、农村社会保障等七个方面,实证考察农村公共服务供给对居民主观幸福感的影响。结果表明:1)农村公共服务供给不一定会显著提高居民主观幸福感,提高居民主观幸福感的前提条件是满足农村居民需求,即有效公共服务供给才能提高居民幸福感,如农村医疗设施和教育设施的实证结果。2)农村生态环境显著影响居民幸福感,但是生态指标的系数与预期相反且不稳健;进一步研究发现,高污染企业有“污染效应”和“收入效应”两个效应,且后者大于前者。3)农村社会保障的提高、农村生活条件、农村文化设施和农村交通设施的改善有助于提高居民主观幸福感。其政策含义是:乡村振兴战略实施背景下,基本公共服务供给需要契合农村居民需求;地方政府对于现有的污染企业短期内不能实施“一刀切”强制性关门政策,要解决好农村居民就业和收入问题;进一步提高欠发达地方的公共服务供给财政支出。
By using data from CFPS(2014),the paper divided rural basic public services into 7 parts which include rural living conditions,rural medical facilities,rural infrastructures,rural ecological environ⁃ment,rural culture facilities,rural educational facilities and rural social security.Then the effect of rural basic public services supply on residents’subjective well-being was empirically studied and three conclusions are drawn.First,the provision of rural public services does not necessarily significantly improve the subjective wellbeing of residents.In fact,it may reduce the subjective well-being of residents as the premise of improving the subjective well-being of residents is to meet the needs of rural residents such as rural medical facilities and ed⁃ucational facilities.Secondly,while rural ecological environment has a significant impact on residents’unde⁃fined well-being,the coefficient of ecological indicators is contrary to expectations and is not stable.Further re⁃search shows that high-pollution enterprises have“pollution effect”and“income effect”,the latter being larger than the former.Third,the improvement of rural social security,rural living conditions,rural cultural facilities and rural transport facilities help to improve the subjective well-being of residents.Its policy implication is:un⁃der the background of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the supply of basic public services needs to meet the needs of rural residents.Local governments cannot implement a one-size-fits-all policy of mandatory closure of existing polluting enterprises in the short term,so as to solve the employment and income problems of rural residents.The government should further increase fiscal expenditure on the provision of pub⁃lic services in less developed areas.
作者
张应良
徐亚东
ZHANG Ying-liang;XU Ya-dong(School of economics and management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《农林经济管理学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期98-108,共11页
Journal of Agro-Forestry Economics and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目（15ZDA023）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（SWU1709115、SWU1909520）
关键词
农村社区
农村居民
公共服务
幸福感
rural communities
rural residents
public services
well-being
