摘要
随着柔性电子产品需求的日益增长,柔性电池得到越来越多的研究和关注。目前,柔性锂离子电池由于高功率密度和高能量密度的特点,在柔性屏、可穿戴设备应用上取得了实质性的进展。然而,锂矿资源储量有限、分布不均的问题限制了电池的可持续发展。在寻求新型电池的道路上,钠离子电池引起了人们的关注。钠在地球中的存储量比锂更多,价格更低,这使得钠离子电池有望满足未来的市场需求。柔性钠离子电池的关键材料包括电极活性材料、电极集流体、电解质和隔膜。电极不仅需要高容量和优异的电导率,还要具有良好的机械柔韧性,保证柔性电池在各种形变(弯曲、拉伸、折叠等)下正常工作。柔性电解质和隔膜在保证电池安全的同时,还要保持与正负极之间具有稳定的界面结合。但这些关键材料不成熟、不完善的问题阻碍了柔性钠离子电池的发展。此外,普通袋式的柔性电池无法满足未来电子设备小型化和可穿戴的要求。创新实用的结构设计和适合大规模生产的制备技术也亟待发展。本文介绍了柔性钠离子电池电极材料(正负极活性材料和导电基底材料)、电解质、电池结构和制备工艺等方面的研究进展,对柔性电池现存的问题(比如成本高、安全性差、制备工艺复杂等)进行了分析探讨,最后展望了柔性钠离子电池未来的发展方向。
Flexible batteries have attracted great attention due to the growing need of power sources for flexible electronic products. At present,flexible lithium-ion battery dominates the consumer electronic markets,such as flexible displayers and wearable sensors,due to its high power and energy density. However,the limited lithium resourcesslow the sustainable development of batteries. Owing to abundant sodium resources and low cost,sodium-ion batteries have attracted more and more attention. Flexible sodium-ion batteries,which are expected to meet the future market demand,consist of electrode active materials,current collectors,electrolytes,and separators. The electrodes not only require high capacity and electrical conductivity,but also need good mechanical flexibility to ensure that the flexible battery works properly under various deformations( bending,stretching,folding,etc.). Meanwhile,the flexible electrolytes and separators should maintain a stable interface with the electrodes while maintaining battery safety. However,these key materials are still imperfect which have hindered the development of flexible sodiumion batteries. In addition,ordinary pouch-type flexible batteries cannot meet the miniaturization and wearability requirement of future electronic devices. Innovative and practical structural design and preparation techniques suitable for mass production are also in urgent need.Here,this review introduces the research efforts with respects to flexible sodium-ion battery,and provides elaborate descriptions about the electrode materials( including anode materials,cathode materials and conductive substrate),electrolytes,battery structure and preparation process.In addition,the existing problems of flexible sodium-ion batteries,such as high cost,poor safety,complicated preparation process and other issues,are critically discussed and analyzed. For further development,lower cost active materials and substrates of flexible sodium-ion batteries,as well as structural innovation are essential to solve the problems
作者
孟锦涛
周良毅
钟芸
沈越
黄云辉
MENG Jintao;ZHOU Liangyi;ZHONG Yun;SHEN Yue;HUANG Yunhui(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期169-176,共8页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51632001)~~
关键词
柔性钠离子电池
新型储能器件
可穿戴
柔性结构
flexible sodium-ion battery
new energy storage device
wearable
flexible structure
